Ancient Greece Study Guide

Describe Greece’s geography. How did the Greek people have to adapt to Greece’s geography?

• Greece is mostly flat, and people built large farms.

• Greece is mountainous, and people became traders and sailors.

• Greece is a desert, and people became nomads.

• Greece is a rainforest, and people built treehouses.

What was the name of the Greek poet who famously wrote the Greek epics; The Iliad and The Odyssey?

• Socrates

• Plato

• Homer

• Aristotle

What did many Greek people do when Greece no longer had enough resources to support its population?

• They moved to the mountains.

• They migrated to other lands, forming colonies.

• They stayed and built more cities.

• They moved to the desert.

What were the names of the two main Greek city-states that fought each other in the Peloponnesian War? Who won the war?

• Athens and Sparta; Sparta won.

• Corinth and Thebes; Corinth won.

• Athens and Corinth; Athens won.

• Sparta and Thebes; Thebes won.

Which city-state is considered to be the birthplace of direct democracy? Does the United States also have direct democracy?

• Sparta; Yes

• Athens; No

• Corinth; No

• Athens; Yes

What is a key difference between direct democracy and representative democracy?

• In direct democracy, citizens vote on laws directly, while in representative democracy, they elect officials to make decisions on their behalf.

• Direct democracy involves electing representatives to make decisions, while representative democracy involves citizens voting on laws directly.

• Direct democracy and representative democracy are the same in terms of decision-making processes.

• In representative democracy, citizens vote on laws directly, while in direct democracy, they elect officials to make decisions on their behalf.

Voting and attending The Assembly are examples of _____.

• Civic participation

• Civic enjoyment

• Citizen involvement

• Forced participation

Match the beliefs and teachings with the correct Greek philosopher.

• Socrates:

  -Socratic method

  -Wanted students to form their own opinions

  -Didn't write down his teachings

  Plato:

  -Student of Socrates

  -Believed in philosopher kings

  -Believed common people didn't think for themselves

  Aristotle:

  -Taught Alexander the Great

  -Believed in the Golder Mean

  -Believed that no form of government was perfect

• Socrates:

  1. -Believed the Earth was flat

  2. -Only taught through books and lectures

  3. -Was famous for inventing the scientific method

  Plato:

  1. -Teacher of Alexander the Great

  2. -Believed in democracy as the best form of government

  3. -Thought that all people should have equal wealth

  Aristotle:

  1. -Believed in the power of emotions over logic

  2. -Taught that only kings should make important decisions

  3. -Believed in the idea of perfect government structures

• Socrates:

  1. -Focused only on writing philosophical books

  2. -Believed in strict rules for students

  3. -Was a famous king of Athens

  Plato:

  1. -Believed in the power of physical strength over intellect

  2. -Thought that democracy was the best government

  3. -Wrote a book called "The Republic" about a perfect government

  Aristotle:

  1. -Was a major supporter of communism

  2. -Believed in the idea of strict punishment for disobedience

  3. -Thought the Earth was the center of the universe

• Socrates:

  1. -Was the founder of the Roman Empire

  2. -Taught only rich students

  3. -Was famous for writing plays

  Plato:

  1. -Taught that everyone should be treated equally without regard to abilities

  2. -Believed people should not seek knowledge but follow tradition

  3. -Didn't agree with Socrates' ideas about knowledge

  Aristotle:

  1. -Was a famous artist known for his paintings

  2. -Believed in the idea that governments should always be ruled by the majority

  3. -Thought that only philosophers should be allowed to rule

How did the Greek city states manage to defeat the Persian Empire? What was the name of this conflict?

• The Greek city states united and fought in the Persian Wars.

• The Greek city states used advanced technology in the Trojan War.

• The Greek city states were defeated in the Peloponnesian War.

• The Greek city states avoided conflict with the Persian Empire.

List some of the differences between Athens and Sparta regarding government, currency (money), education, and gender equality.

• Government: Athens = Democracy, Sparta = Oligarchy

  Currency: Athens = coins, Sparta = iron bars

  Education: Athens = philosophy & arts, Sparta = military training

  Equality: Athens = women had few rights, Sparta = women had more freedom

• Government: Athens = Monarchy, Sparta = Democracy
  Currency: Athens = Barter system, Sparta = Silver coins
  Education: Athens = Military training, Sparta = Philosophy & arts
  Equality: Athens = Women had equal rights to men, Sparta = Women were treated as property

• Government: Athens = Oligarchy, Sparta = Monarchy
  Currency: Athens = Paper money, Sparta = Gold coins
  Education: Athens = Military training, Sparta = Reading and writing
  Equality: Athens = Women had more freedom, Sparta = Women had no rights

• Government: Athens = Dictatorship, Sparta = Democracy
  Currency: Athens = Iron bars, Sparta = Paper money
  Education: Athens = Military training, Sparta = Philosophy & arts
  Equality: Athens = Women had few rights, Sparta = Women had equal rights to men