Buffer Solutions and Acid-Base Reactions

What causes acid rain to form?

• Ozone reacting with water in the air

• Sulfur dioxide reacting with water in the air

• Carbon dioxide reacting with water in the air

• Nitrogen dioxide reacting with water in the air

Why is the Clark Fork River less affected by acid rain?

• It has a high concentration of fish

• It is protected by limestone

• It has a high flow rate

• It is located in a dry area

What is a buffer solution composed of?

• A weak acid and its conjugate base

• A neutral solution

• A strong base and its conjugate acid

• A strong acid and a strong base

Why are weak acids and bases effective as buffers?

• They have a high pH

• They partially dissociate, allowing them to act as a source or sink for protons

• They are highly reactive

• They fully dissociate in water

What is the purpose of a RICE table in buffer calculations?

• To measure the temperature of a solution

• To calculate the volume of a solution

• To track the concentrations of reactants and products

• To determine the color change of an indicator

How does a buffer resist changes in pH when a strong acid is added?

• By evaporating the water

• By diluting the solution

• By using up the added hydrogen ions

• By increasing the temperature

What role does calcium carbonate play in the Clark Fork River's buffering system?

• It decreases the river's temperature

• It absorbs sunlight

• It reacts with protons to form bicarbonate ions

• It increases the river's flow rate

What is buffering capacity?

• The ability of a solution to change color

• The speed at which a reaction occurs

• The threshold at which a buffer can no longer resist pH changes

• The volume of a solution

What is the purpose of a burette in a titration experiment?

• To heat the solution

• To measure the pH directly

• To dispense liquids in a controlled manner

• To stir the solution

What does the endpoint of a pH indicator signify?

• The solution has evaporated completely

• The solution has reached its freezing point

• The solution has reached its boiling point

• The solution has reached a specific pH