What is the main function of a flat bone in the body?

• Protection of internal organs

• Facilitate movement

• Store minerals

• Produce hormones

Answer explanation

Flat bones, such as the skull and ribs, primarily function to protect internal organs. They provide a shield against physical damage, making 'Protection of internal organs' the correct choice.

What type of joint is found at the thumb?

• Saddle joint

• Hinge joint

• Ball and socket joint

• Pivot joint

Answer explanation

The thumb has a saddle joint, which allows for a wide range of motion, including opposition. This unique structure enables the thumb to grasp and pinch, distinguishing it from other joints like hinge or ball and socket.

What joint in the neck allows you to shake your head 'no'?

• Pivot joint

• Hinge joint

• Ball and socket joint

• Saddle joint

Answer explanation

The joint found at the neck is a pivot joint, which allows for rotational movement. This type of joint enables the head to turn from side to side, distinguishing it from other joint types like hinge or ball and socket joints.

What type of joint in your hip allows you to move freely?

• Ball and socket joint

• Hinge joint

• Saddle joint

• Pivot joint

Answer explanation

The hip joint is a ball and socket joint, allowing for a wide range of motion in multiple directions. This structure enables activities like walking, running, and jumping, distinguishing it from other joint types.

Identify an example of a fibrous joint.

• Sutures in the skull

• Elbow joint

• Knee joint

• Shoulder joint

Answer explanation

Sutures in the skull are fibrous joints that connect the bones of the skull. Unlike the elbow, knee, and shoulder joints, which are synovial joints allowing movement, sutures are immovable and provide stability.

What is the tough outermost layer of the bone that protects it?

• Endosteum

• Periosteum

• Medullary cavity

• Epiphysis

Answer explanation

The tough outermost layer of the bone is called the periosteum. It serves as a protective layer and provides attachment points for muscles and tendons, distinguishing it from other bone structures like the endosteum and medullary cavity.

Which minerals are stored in the bone and are essential for bone creation and reabsorption?

• Iron and magnesium

• Sodium and potassium

• Calcium and phosphorus

• Zinc and copper

Answer explanation

Calcium and phosphorus are crucial minerals stored in bones, playing key roles in bone formation and resorption. They provide structural strength and are essential for maintaining bone health.

What type of bone marrow produces red blood cells?

• Yellow bone marrow

• White bone marrow

• Red bone marrow

• Blue bone marrow

Answer explanation

Red bone marrow is responsible for producing red blood cells, while yellow bone marrow primarily stores fat and does not contribute to blood cell production.

What does yellow bone marrow produce?

• Red blood cells

• White blood cells

• Fat and cartilage

• Bone tissue

Answer explanation

Yellow bone marrow primarily stores fat and can produce cartilage. Unlike red bone marrow, which produces red and white blood cells, yellow marrow's main function is to serve as an energy reserve.

Identify the correct diagram of a long bone showing the periosteum, bone marrow, and other parts.

• Diagram of a short bone.

• Diagram of a flat bone.

• Diagram of an irregular bone.

• Diagram of a long bone.

Answer explanation

The question specifically asks for a diagram of a long bone, which includes features like the periosteum and bone marrow. The correct answer matches this description, while the other options refer to different types of bones.