Understanding Operating Systems

What is the primary purpose of an operating system?

• The primary purpose of an operating system is to manage computer hardware and software resources.

• To increase battery life

• To enhance graphics performance

• To provide internet connectivity

Name three types of operating systems.

• Embedded Operating Systems

• Batch Operating Systems, Time-Sharing Operating Systems, Real-Time Operating Systems

• Distributed Operating Systems

• Network Operating Systems

What is a distributed system?

• A distributed system is a collection of unrelated devices.

• A distributed system is a network of independent computers that work together to achieve a common goal.

• A distributed system is a type of cloud storage service.

• A distributed system is a single computer managing all tasks.

How does an operating system manage hardware resources?

• By providing internet connectivity

• By managing software updates only

• By directly controlling user applications

• An operating system manages hardware resources by allocating CPU time, managing memory, controlling I/O devices, and handling storage.

What is the role of a kernel in an operating system?

• The kernel is a type of application software.

• The kernel stores all user data and files.

• The kernel is responsible for user interface design.

• The kernel manages system resources and facilitates communication between hardware and software.

Explain the difference between a multi-user and a single-user operating system.

• A single-user OS can run multiple applications at once, while a multi-user OS cannot.

• A single-user OS allows multiple users to log in, but only one can use it at a time.

• A single-user OS supports one user at a time, while a multi-user OS supports multiple users simultaneously.

• A multi-user OS is designed for mobile devices, while a single-user OS is for desktops.

What is process management in an operating system?

• Process management is the security management of files in an operating system.

• Process management refers to the user interface design of an operating system.

• Process management is the storage of data in an operating system.

• Process management is the handling of processes in an operating system, including their creation, scheduling, and termination.

Define the term 'virtual memory'.

• Virtual memory is a type of physical memory found in computers.

• Virtual memory is a memory management technique that uses disk space to extend the apparent amount of RAM available to applications.

• Virtual memory is a technique that increases CPU speed by using RAM.

• Virtual memory refers to the storage capacity of a hard drive.

What are system calls in the context of operating systems?

• System calls are user interface elements for application software.

• System calls are the interface for user programs to request services from the operating system.

• System calls are hardware instructions for memory management.

• System calls are commands executed directly by the CPU.

How do operating systems ensure security and access control?

• Regularly updating hardware components

• Implementing user-friendly interfaces

• Operating systems ensure security and access control by using authentication, authorization, access control lists, and process isolation.

• Using firewalls and antivirus software only