DNA Replication

What is semi-conservative replication?

• A process where both strands of DNA are newly synthesized.

• A method of DNA replication where each new molecule consists of one original strand and one newly synthesized strand.

• A technique that involves the complete breakdown of DNA strands.

• A replication process that occurs only in prokaryotic cells.

What is the lagging strand in DNA replication?

• The DNA strand that is synthesized continuously towards the replication fork.

• The DNA strand that is synthesized discontinuously in short segments called Okazaki fragments, moving away from the replication fork.

• The DNA strand that is not involved in replication.

• The DNA strand that is synthesized in a single continuous piece.

What is the leading strand in DNA replication?

• The DNA strand that is synthesized continuously in the same direction as the replication fork.

• The DNA strand that is synthesized in fragments away from the replication fork.

• The DNA strand that is synthesized only during the S phase of the cell cycle.

• The DNA strand that is complementary to the lagging strand.

What is the significance of the 5' and 3' ends of DNA?

• They indicate the number of hydrogen bonds between base pairs.

• They refer to the carbon numbers in the DNA's sugar backbone, indicating the directionality of the DNA strand.

• They determine the size of the DNA molecule.

• They are involved in the replication process of DNA.

In which direction does DNA polymerase synthesize new DNA strands?

• 3' to 5' direction

• 5' to 3' direction

• in both directions

• randomly in any direction

What is the role of DNA polymerase in DNA replication?

• DNA polymerase synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand.

• DNA polymerase unwinds the DNA double helix.

• DNA polymerase repairs damaged DNA strands.

• DNA polymerase initiates the transcription process.

What is the role of primase in DNA replication?

• Primase synthesizes short RNA primers that provide a starting point for DNA polymerase to begin DNA synthesis.

• Primase unwinds the DNA double helix to allow replication to occur.

• Primase removes RNA primers after DNA synthesis is complete.

• Primase is responsible for proofreading the newly synthesized DNA strands.

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

• DNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.

• DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar.

• RNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar.

• RNA is single-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar.

What is the function of helicase in DNA replication?

• Helicase synthesizes new DNA strands.

• Helicase unwinds the double helix of DNA, separating the two strands to allow replication to occur.

• Helicase repairs damaged DNA strands.

• Helicase transports DNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.

What is the function of single-strand binding proteins during DNA replication?

• They stabilize the unwound DNA strands and prevent them from re-annealing or forming secondary structures.

• They initiate the replication process by unwinding the DNA helix.

• They provide the energy required for DNA synthesis.

• They repair any errors that occur during DNA replication.