Electron Configuration

What is Hund's rule?

• Hund's rule states that single electrons with the same spin must occupy each equal-energy orbital before additional electrons with opposite spins can occupy the same orbital.

• Hund's rule states that electrons will fill the lowest energy orbitals first before moving to higher energy orbitals.

• Hund's rule states that all electrons in an atom must have opposite spins.

• Hund's rule states that electrons will pair up in an orbital before occupying a new one.

What is the Pauli exclusion principle?

• It states that electrons can occupy the same quantum state.

• It states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers.

• It states that electrons are attracted to protons in the nucleus.

• It states that electrons can exist in multiple states simultaneously.

What is the relationship between electron configuration and the periodic trends?

• Electron configuration determines the atomic mass of an element.

• Electron configuration helps explain periodic trends such as atomic size, ionization energy, and electronegativity.

• Electron configuration has no impact on the chemical properties of elements.

• Electron configuration only affects the reactivity of metals.

What is the difference between an atom's ground state and excited state?

• The ground state has higher energy than the excited state.

• The ground state is the lowest energy configuration of an atom, while the excited state has higher energy due to electrons being promoted to higher orbitals.

• The ground state and excited state are the same in terms of energy.

• The excited state is the lowest energy configuration of an atom, while the ground state has higher energy.

What is the ground-stable electron configuration?

• The arrangement of electrons in an atom that minimizes energy and maximizes stability.

• The configuration of electrons that results in the highest energy state.

• The random distribution of electrons around the nucleus of an atom.

• The arrangement of electrons that leads to the formation of ions.

What is the significance of the valence shell in chemical bonding?

• It determines the color of the element.

• It contains the valence electrons that are involved in chemical bonding, determining an element's reactivity.

• It is the innermost shell of an atom.

• It is responsible for the mass of the atom.

How does the periodic table relate to electron configuration?

• The periodic table is organized in a way that reflects the electron configurations of elements, with similar configurations found in the same groups.

• The periodic table is arranged randomly without any relation to electron configurations.

• The periodic table only includes elements with complete electron shells.

• The periodic table is based solely on atomic mass, ignoring electron configurations.

What does the Aufbau principle state?

• Electrons fill higher energy orbitals before lower energy orbitals.

• Electrons occupy the lowest energy orbitals first before filling higher energy orbitals.

• Electrons are added to orbitals in random order.

• Electrons can occupy multiple orbitals at the same time.

What are valence electrons?

• Electrons that are found in the nucleus of an atom.

• Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that are involved in forming chemical bonds.

• Electrons that are responsible for the mass of an atom.

• Electrons that are always paired with another electron.

What is an orbital?

• A type of particle found in the nucleus of an atom.

• A region in an atom where there is a high probability of finding electrons.

• A measurement of the energy level of an electron.

• A specific path that electrons follow around the nucleus.