Unit 2 quiz

What is the mechanic that drives plate tectonics?

• Convection currents in the mantle.

• Solar radiation variations

• Ocean currents

• Magnetic field fluctuations

Answer explanation

Convection currents in the mantle are the primary mechanism driving plate tectonics. These currents create movement in the Earth's lithosphere, causing tectonic plates to shift and interact.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

List the layers of the Earth in the compositional model.

• Core, Atmosphere, Hydrosphere

• Crust, Lithosphere, Mantle

• Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Mesosphere

• Crust, Mantle, Core

Answer explanation

The Earth is composed of three main layers: the Crust, which is the outermost layer; the Mantle, which lies beneath the crust; and the Core, the innermost layer. Thus, the correct answer is Crust, Mantle, Core.

List the layers of the Earth in the mechanical model.

• Crust, Mantle, Outer Layer, Inner Layer

• Core, Shell, Surface, Atmosphere

• Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Mesosphere, Outer Core, Inner Core

• Lithosphere, Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Biosphere

Answer explanation

The correct layers of the Earth in the mechanical model are the Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Mesosphere, Outer Core, and Inner Core. These layers describe the Earth's structure based on mechanical properties.

What did Alfred Wegener propose?

• Alfred Wegener discovered the theory of evolution.

• Alfred Wegener was a famous physicist who studied gravity.

• Alfred Wegener proposed the theory of plate tectonics.

• Alfred Wegener proposed the theory of continental drift.

Answer explanation

Alfred Wegener proposed the theory of continental drift, which suggests that continents were once joined together and have since drifted apart. This theory laid the groundwork for the later development of plate tectonics.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-5

What are the features found at convergent plate boundaries?

• Mountain ranges

• Volcanic arcs

• Rift valleys

• Ocean trenches

Answer explanation

Convergent plate boundaries are characterized by features such as mountain ranges formed by the collision of tectonic plates, volcanic arcs from subduction, and ocean trenches where one plate is forced under another.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-5

NGSS.HS-ESS2-1

What are the features found at divergent plate boundaries?

• Island Volcanic arcs

• Rift valleys

• Subduction zones

• Mid-ocean ridges

Answer explanation

Divergent plate boundaries are characterized by rift valleys and mid-ocean ridges, where tectonic plates move apart, allowing magma to rise and create new crust. Island volcanic arcs and subduction zones are features of convergent boundaries.

What is the purpose of transform plate boundaries?

• To transport sediment.

• To prevent earthquakes from occurring.

• To create new tectonic plates.

• To form volcanic islands.

Answer explanation

Transform plate boundaries primarily facilitate the lateral movement of tectonic plates, which can lead to the transportation of sediment along these boundaries. They do not create new plates, prevent earthquakes, or form volcanic islands.

Match each type of stress to the fault that forms them.

• Normal

• Tension

• Reverse

• Compression

• Strike-slip

• Shearing

Why does oceanic plate subduct under continental plate?

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Answer explanation

Oceanic plates are denser than continental plates. When they converge, the denser oceanic plate subducts beneath the lighter continental plate, leading to geological features like trenches and volcanic activity.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-5

NGSS.HS-ESS2-1

What is a hot spot? List two examples of one.

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Answer explanation

A hot spot is a location with significant geological activity, often leading to volcanic eruptions. Two examples are the Hawaiian Islands, formed by a hot spot beneath the Pacific Plate, and Yellowstone National Park, which sits atop a supervolcano hot spot.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-5

NGSS.HS-ESS2-1

NGSS.HS-ESS2-3