Unit 2 Study Guide

Explain the stages involved in the multi-store model of memory.

• The stages involved in the multi-store model of memory are sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.

• The stages involved in the multi-store model of memory are input, processing, and output.

• The stages involved in the multi-store model of memory are encoding, storage, and retrieval.

• The stages involved in the multi-store model of memory are attention, perception, and memory.

What is the term for the process where exposure to one stimulus influences the response to another stimulus?

• Mood-dependent memory

• Context-dependent memory

• Priming

• Retroactive interference

The tendency to recall the first and last items in a list better than the middle items is called:

• Encoding failure

• Serial position effect

• Context-dependent memory

• Proactive interference

Define long-term potentiation.

• A process that strengthens synapses based on recent patterns of activity

• A type of short-term memory

• A method of synaptic weakening

• A form of neural degeneration

The hippocampus is primarily associated with which type of memory?

• Implicit memory

• Explicit memory

• Procedural memory

• Classical conditioning

Forgetting due to the failure of information moving from short-term to long-term memory is called:

• Encoding failure

• Proactive interference

• Retroactive interference

• Repression

The availability heuristic leads people to:

• Rely on past experiences to solve problems

• Judge likelihood based on how easily an example comes to mind

• Use mental shortcuts based on how well something fits a prototype

• Solve problems in a rigid, fixed way

Which psychologist developed the first intelligence test to identify children needing special education?

• Alfred Binet

• Howard Gardner

• Lewis Terman

• David Wechsler

In a normal distribution, approximately what percentage of data falls within one standard deviation of the mean?

• 34%

• 50%

• 68%

• 95%

A test that measures what it claims to measure has high:

• Standardization

• Reliability

• Validity