HEAT Vocabulary

pressure

• force applied per unit area.

• force applied across a distance.

• mass applied per unit area.

• the amount of material per unit volume.

calorimeter

• an insulated device used for measuring the amount of heat absorbed or released during a chemical or physical process.

• a device used for measuring the volume of gases or liquids.

• a tool for calculating the speed of chemical reactions.

• a machine for mixing and heating chemicals in controlled conditions.

thermochemistry

• the study of heat changes that accompany chemical reactions and phase changes.

• the study of plant cells and their organelles.

• the science of environmental weather patterns.

• the understanding of energy transformations in living organisms.

system

• in thermochemistry, the specific part of the universe containing the reaction or process being studied.

• a complete set of tools used for laboratory measurements.

• an unrelated collection of data points in a random experiment.

• a conceptual model of computer software architecture used in simulations.

surroundings

• everything in the universe other than the system.

• the immediate environment around an object.

• the objects located near a particular location.

• the external area that directly influences a system.

universe

• the system plus the surroundings.

• only the system.

• only the surroundings.

• the entirety of space, including all matter and energy.

enthalpy

• the heat content of a system at constant pressure.

• the amount of energy released by a system during a reaction.

• the total mechanical work performed by a system.

• the energy stored in chemical bonds during a process.

enthalpy (heat) of reaction

• the change in enthalpy, or the heat absorbed or released, in a chemical reaction.

• the energy required to break chemical bonds.

• the change in kinetic energy within the reaction.

• the measure of reaction spontaneity.

Describe how a calorimeter measures heat.

• It measures heat by recording electrical energy changes.

• It measures heat by measuring the temperature change in a known mass of liquid.

• It measures heat by analyzing radiation levels.

• It measures heat by monitoring pressure differences.