Science 5th grade Geology review

Which two changes to Earth helped form this sea arch?

• earthquakes and volcanoes

• erosion and deposition

• deposition and weathering

• weathering and erosion

Which landform below was formed due to wind erosion and deposition?

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What is the most likely explanation for the formation of the valley pictured below?

• Erosion by water

• Deposition by wind

• Erosion by a glacier

• Weathering by wind

Explain how the stalagmites in a cave are formed.

• Wind deposits dust and rocks into caves which build up over time.

• Water drips slowly to the cave floor and deposits minerals as it evaporates.

• Moving water erodes shapes as it washes through the cave.

• Ice forms overnight and cracks the rocks into shapes before it melts away.

The diagram below shows the sequence of the processes that turn solid rock into sandstone. Which two processes best complete this diagram?

• Weathering and eroding

• Compacting and cementing

• Eroding and compacting

• Dissolving and cementing

Which is the best explanation for how fossil fuels form?

• Dead organisms are buried beneath sediment and exposed to heat and pressure over millions of years.

• Dinosaurs are buried in hot tar, adding their bodies to the mass of fossil fuel.

• Plants die in swamps and their bodies change into fossil fuels.

• Ocean water turns dead plants and animals into fossil fuels

The diagram below shows a fossil in rock layers. Which of the following statements about the diagram is true?

• At one time, the area where this rock was formed was a dense forest.

• Animals that lived in the area had thick fur to keep them warm.

• Only animals that eat other animals lived in the area.

• At one time, the area where this rock was formed was covered by water.

Some processes that change landforms are constructive and some are destructive. Which of the following is an example of a constructive process shaping a landform

• Wind weathers rock into sand.

• Earthquakes move land and rocks.

• Rivers carry sediment and build deltas.

• Glaciers carve the land as they move.