03 - Formal Organizations (Sociology)

What is a common complaint about modern society according to the text?

• It is dominated by small and personal organizations

• It is dominated by large and impersonal secondary organizations

• It is dominated by informal and personal organizations

• It is dominated by small and bureaucratic organizations

What are normative organizations based on?

• Financial benefits

• Shared interests

• Mandatory participation

• Material rewards

What type of organizations are joined because of the need for a specific material reward?

• Coercive organizations

• Normative organizations

• Utilitarian organizations

• Voluntary organizations

According to Erving Goffman, what is a total institution?

• An organization with shared affinity

• A place where total resocialization takes place

• A volunteer-based organization

• A contractual basis organization

Which of the following is a characteristic of bureaucracies according to Max Weber?

• Lack of authority

• Clear division of labor

• Informal rules

• Personal relationships

What does the hierarchy of authority in a bureaucracy refer to?

• Equal distribution of tasks

• Chain of command

• Informal communication

• Personal decision-making

What is a characteristic of bureaucracies that helps them handle large volumes of customers efficiently?

• Personal favoritism

• Impersonality

• Flexible rules

• Random decision-making

Why do bureaucracies have explicit rules?

• To allow for personal discretion

• To adapt quickly to new situations

• To ensure consistency and standardization

• To promote favoritism

What is a meritocracy?

• A system where promotion is based on nepotism

• A system where hiring is based on proven skills

• A system where decisions are made randomly

• A system where rules are flexible

What challenge do organizations face when trying to become meritocracies?

• Identifying talent without bias

• Reducing the number of scholarships

• Increasing nepotism

• Eliminating standardized tests