Psychology Basics for Grade 12

Cognitive Dissonance

• Mental discomfort from conflicting beliefs

• A state of complete mental clarity

• A feeling of happiness and satisfaction

• An inability to make decisions

Piaget's Stages

• Cognitive development stages

• Emotional development stages

• Physical development stages

• Social development stages

Social Learning Theory

• Learning through observation

• Learning through reinforcement

• Learning through trial and error

• Learning through memorization

Classical Conditioning

• Learning through association

• Learning through reinforcement

• Learning through observation

• Learning through imitation

Neurotransmitters

• Chemical messengers in the brain

• Hormones that regulate mood

• Proteins that build muscle

• Enzymes that aid digestion

Operant Conditioning

• Learning through rewards/punishments

• Learning through observation

• Learning through repetition

• Learning through insight

Freud's Id, Ego, Superego

• Components of personality

• Stages of cognitive development

• Types of learning theories

• Levels of consciousness

Attachment Theory

• Emotional bond between child and caregiver

• A method of teaching children

• A psychological disorder

• A type of parenting style

Maslow's Hierarchy

• Pyramid of human needs

• Circle of emotional desires

• Triangle of social interactions

• Square of cognitive functions

Behaviorism

• Study of observable behavior

• Study of mental processes

• Study of unconscious mind

• Study of social interactions