Understanding Aldehydes and Ketones

What is the general structure of an aldehyde?

• The general structure of an aldehyde is R-CHO.

• R-COOH

• R-CH2OH

• R-C=O

How does the functional group of a ketone differ from that of an aldehyde?

• A ketone has a carbonyl group at the end of a carbon chain, while an aldehyde is between two carbon atoms.

• Both ketones and aldehydes have carbonyl groups at the end of carbon chains.

• A ketone contains a hydroxyl group (OH) instead of a carbonyl group.

• The functional group of a ketone is a carbonyl group (C=O) between two carbon atoms, whereas an aldehyde has a carbonyl group (C=O) at the end of a carbon chain, bonded to a hydrogen atom.

What is the common suffix used for naming aldehydes?

• -ene

• -one

• -ol

• -al

Which functional group is present in both aldehydes and ketones?

• Carboxyl group (–COOH)

• Amino group (–NH2)

• Carbonyl group (C=O)

• Hydroxyl group (–OH)

Can you provide an example of a simple aldehyde?

• Propylene

• Formaldehyde

• Ethanol

• Acetone

How do the boiling points of aldehydes compare to those of ketones?

• Ketones have higher boiling points than aldehydes.

• Aldehydes and ketones have the same boiling points.

• Aldehydes have higher boiling points than ketones.

• Aldehydes have lower boiling points than ketones.

What type of reactions are aldehydes typically involved in?

• Electrophilic substitution reactions

• Nucleophilic addition reactions, oxidation, and reduction.

• Dehydration reactions

• Polymerization reactions