Quarter 3 Review

One of the early proposed explanations for the origin of life was the concept of spontaneous generation. In the mid 1800s, the scientific community discarded this hypothesis. Which of the following BEST describes why the scientific community discarded this idea?

• The development of microscopes showed that not only plants and animals, but also microorganisms, are made of cells.

• 
  Well known scientists publicly stated their opinions that spontaneous generation was not likely the origin of life on Earth.

• Scientists at that time chose another hypothesis as fact and therefore stopped researching the way that cellular life began.

• Laboratory experiments showed strong evidence that even after years, living organisms did not appear in sterile materials.

Sara finds a plant in the Nevada desert. She examines the leaf during the day.

What will the stomata look like and why?

• They are closed as there is enough sunlight for photosynthesis.

• They are open because they are trying to access more water.

• They are open because it is daytime.

• They are closed so the plant does not lose water through transpiration.

The movements of energy and nutrients through living systems are different because

• energy flows in one direction, and nutrients recycle.

• energy is limited in the biosphere, and nutrients are always available.

• nutrients flow in one direction, and energy recycles

• energy forms chemical compounds, and nutrients are lost as heat.

Arthropods are joint-legged animals. Spiders, crabs, pill bugs, centipedes, and millipedes are examples of the many types of arthropods. Which arthropods would be most closely related?

• Arthropods of the same class

• Arthropods of the same family

• 
  Arthropods of the same genus

• 
  Arthropods of the same phylum

Which one of the following does NOT disrupt the natural carbon cycle?

• Burning fossil fuels

• Human interference

• Volcanic eruptions

• Deforestation

Common baboons live on the savanna in breeding groups called troops. While females tend to stay with the troop, younger or less dominant males may move to join a neighboring troop. Which of these is a likely outcome of this type of movement by young males?

• Allele frequencies remain unchanged.

• Gene flow occurs between populations.

• Genetic variation decreases within each troop.

• The rate of mutations increases among females.

The diagram below shows a relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration.

Which statement best describes the interdependence of photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

• The reactants of photosynthesis are the products of cellular respiration.

• The products of photosynthesis are carbon dioxide and water to be used in cellular respiration.

• The reactants of photosynthesis are sugar and oxygen to be used in cellular respiration.

• The products of photosynthesis are the same as the products of cellular respiration.

The diagram shows the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration and the organelles in which they occur.

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Which statement describes how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are interrelated?

• Oxygen is produced during the process of cellular respiration and are stored during photosynthesis.

• Carbon dioxide and water are released by cellular respiration and are used during photosynthesis.

• Glucose is used during cellular respiration to produce food that is broken down during photosynthesis.

• Photosynthesis releases the energy that is stored during the process of cellular respiration.

Genome maps provide the DNA sequences of chromosomes. Some scientists have compared the genome maps of a hedgehog and a sloth. What do these genome maps allow the scientists to determine?

• The color patterns of hybrids between the two species

• The difference in size between individuals of each species

• The method of lipid synthesis that each species uses

• How closely related the two species are to each other

In photosynthesis, increasing the amount of light energy and the amount of water typically yields which result?

• In photosynthesis, increasing the amount of light energy and the amount of water typically yields which result?

• An increase in the amount of glucose produced and a decrease in the amount of oxygen produced.

• An increase in the amount of oxygen produced and a decrease in the amount of glucose produced.

• A decrease in the amount of both glucose and oxygen produced.