Prosperity and Cold War US History Cycle 3 Review Flash Cards

Fall of China

• In 1949, the Chinese nationalist government was taken over by communist revolutionaries led by Mao Zedong

• The US successfully supported the Chinese nationalist government against the communists

• The Chinese Communist government was recognized by the US immediately after its establishment

• The nationalist government led by Chiang Kai Shek remained in power in mainland China

Partition of Germany

• Germany was united into one zone after WWII.

• Germany was split into 4 zones: US, British, French, and Soviet.

• Germany remained neutral after WWII.

• Berlin was the only city not divided after WWII.

Berlin Airlift

• In 1948, the US, Britain, and France merged their zones of Germany to form East Germany.

• In response to the Berlin Airlift, the Soviet Union opened all road access to West Berlin.

• The US and its allies air-dropped supplies to West Berlin for several months during the blockade.

• The Berlin Airlift was a military operation to invade East Germany.

Limits on Postwar Prosperity

• African, Hispanic, and Native Americans were largely excluded from middle class jobs and life in the suburbs.

• All minority groups enjoyed equal access to middle class jobs and suburban life.

• Postwar prosperity was equally distributed among all racial and ethnic groups.

• Minority groups primarily worked in high-paying corporate jobs.

Truman Doctrine (1947)

• Contain communism to existing communist nations and prevent its spread to other nations.

• Promote communism in non-communist nations.

• Withdraw support from countries threatened by communism.

• Encourage democratic movements in communist countries.

Second Red Scare

• A period of increased fear of communism in the US after WWII

• A time when the US embraced communism

• The establishment of the United Nations

• The end of the Cold War

Demobilization

• The process of ending military operations after a war

• The act of recruiting soldiers for military service

• The strategy of deploying troops in foreign countries

• The process of training soldiers for combat

McCarthyism

• A political movement led by Senator Joseph McCarthy that aimed to expose communist spies in the US government.

• A term used to describe the peaceful negotiations between the US and the Soviet Union during the Cold War.

• A series of congressional hearings that aimed to promote civil rights for all citizens in the US.

• A campaign to promote the arts and culture in America during the 1950s.

Arms Race

• The US and Soviet Union aimed for nuclear disarmament during the Cold War.

• The US and Soviet Union each produced and stockpiled as many nuclear weapons as possible during the Cold War to ensure nuclear superiority.

• The Arms Race was primarily focused on conventional weapons rather than nuclear weapons.

• The Arms Race was a peaceful competition between the US and Soviet Union.

Warsaw Pact (1955)

• Soviet response to the formation of NATO

• A military alliance formed by Western European countries

• An economic agreement between Eastern European nations

• A treaty for nuclear disarmament