3rd Nine Weeks Review Cards

Harlem Renaissance

• A cultural movement in the 1920s centered in Harlem, New York, celebrating African-American art, literature, and music, bringing their experiences into mainstream American consciousness.

• A political movement aimed at achieving civil rights for African Americans in the 1960s.

• A musical genre that originated in the 1950s, characterized by its upbeat tempo and danceable rhythms.

• An art style that emerged in the 1980s, focusing on abstract forms and vibrant colors.

Plessy v. Ferguson

• A Supreme Court ruling that legalized same-sex marriage in 2015.

• An 1896 Supreme Court ruling upholding 'separate but equal' racial segregation.

• A landmark case that abolished the death penalty in the United States.

• A Supreme Court decision that granted women the right to vote.

American Revolution

• A war fought by the thirteen American colonies against France to gain independence.

• A conflict between Great Britain and its colonies in North America from 1775 to 1783.

• A peaceful negotiation for independence led by American diplomats.

• A series of battles between Native Americans and European settlers.

Monroe Doctrine

• A U.S. foreign policy statement opposing European colonization in the Americas.

• A treaty between the U.S. and European nations for trade agreements.

• A military strategy for defending the U.S. from foreign threats.

• A declaration of war against European powers.

Standard Oil Trust

• A monopoly led by John D. Rockefeller in the late 19th century, controlling the oil industry and often depicted as an octopus due to its extensive influence over government and other sectors.

• A government initiative to regulate oil prices in the early 20th century.

• A cooperative of oil producers aimed at stabilizing market prices.

• An environmental organization focused on reducing oil consumption.

Kansas-Nebraska Act

• Legislation passed in 1854 that created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska, allowing settlers to determine if they would allow slavery within their borders, leading to violent conflict.

• A law that abolished slavery in all territories of the United States.

• An act that established the boundaries of the state of Kansas.

• Legislation that granted statehood to Nebraska without any conditions regarding slavery.

Shays' Rebellion

• An armed uprising in Massachusetts (1786–1787) led by Daniel Shays, highlighting the central government’s inability to maintain order under the Articles of Confederation and prompting constitutional reform.

• A peaceful protest in Virginia against taxation without representation in 1775.

• A military conflict between British loyalists and American patriots in 1781.

• A series of debates in Philadelphia that led to the drafting of the Declaration of Independence.

Compromise of 1850

• A series of laws addressing slavery in new territories, admitting California as a free state, allowing Utah and New Mexico to decide on slavery, and enacting a stricter Fugitive Slave Act, aimed at easing North-South tensions.

• A treaty that ended the Mexican-American War and defined the borders of Texas.

• A constitutional amendment that abolished slavery in all states.

• A political agreement that established the Missouri Compromise and maintained the balance between free and slave states.

Bill of Rights

• The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, added in 1791, guaranteeing individual rights and freedoms.

• A document outlining the structure of the U.S. government established in 1787.

• A series of laws passed by Congress to limit the power of the President.

• An agreement between the Federalists and Anti-Federalists to create a national bank.

French-Indian/Seven Years War

• A global conflict between Britain and France from 1754 to 1763

• A treaty signed in 1763 to end the American Revolution

• A battle fought in 1776 between British and American forces

• A conflict that solely involved Native American tribes