Springbreak Challenge Day 2

An individual’s ability to focus on a particular conversation in a noisy and crowded room is called

• auditory localization

• dichotic listening

• divided attention

• selective attention

The difference between divided attention and selective attention is that divided attention

• requires more automatic processing than selective attention does

• is used primarily in simple tasks, whereas selective attention is used primarily in complex tasks

• is more highly correlated with intelligence than selective attention is

• is related only to auditory processing, whereas selective attention is related only to visual processing

A psychologist designed a study to test the effects of cell phone use on driving safety. Participants were randomly assigned either to drive an automobile simulator while talking to a friend on a cell phone or to drive a simulator without talking on a phone. Which type of research does the scenario describe?

• Participant observation

• Correlational

• Case study

• Experimental

Failure to recognize that an object typically not used for a particular purpose can, in fact, serve that purpose illustrates which of the following?

• Schema

• Functional fixedness

• Availability

• Insight

A test that is labeled an achievement test is most likely to be given to

• predict an individual’s ability to succeed in a particular job

• allow a student to be exempted from a college course

• assess the mental age of a gifted eight-year-old

• investigate an individual’s cognitive style

Which of the following research methodologies would present the most ethical problems for studying the causes of anterograde amnesia in humans?

• experiment

• naturalistic observation

• cross-sectional study

• case study

The earliest efforts to measure intelligence were directed at which of the following?

• testing the worth of various theoretical definitions

• operationally defining one theory of intelligence

• predicting children’s success in school

• establishing the learning potential of French military recruits

Cognitive theorists emphasize the

• powerful unconscious impulses that motivate behavior

• formation and modification of schemas

• impact of rewards and punishments

• individual’s desire to become self-actualized

Jason is attending a parade that features the local high school band. Jason’s friend Brent plays the trombone in the band. It is difficult for Jason to hear Brent play at the parade. Which of the following would best allow Jason to hear Brent’s trombone?

• Sensory adaptation

• Selective attention

• Perceptual constancy

• Weber’s law

Joe’s best friend Liz says, “I heard the best joke from my sister” and then proceeds to tell Joe the joke that he had told her last week. Liz is most likely experiencing

• retrieval failure

• retrograde amnesia

• encoding failure

• source amnesia