Bioninja DNA Replication

What is the role of helicase in DNA replication?

• Unwinds and separates the two DNA strands by breaking the hydrogen bonds between base pairs

• Covalently joins the free nucleotides together to form a complementary strand

• Catalyses the formation of a phosphodiester bond between a sugar and phosphate

• Initiates replication at multiple points simultaneously

Which enzyme is used in the polymerase chain reaction due to its heat tolerance?

• Taq polymerase

• Helicase

• DNA polymerase

• RNA polymerase

What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis in DNA analysis?

• To separate DNA or proteins based on size

• To amplify a specific DNA sequence

• To unwind and separate DNA strands

• To catalyse the formation of phosphodiester bonds

In DNA replication, what does 'semi-conservative' mean?

• One strand is from the original template and one is newly synthesized

• Both strands are newly synthesized

• Both strands are from the original template

• The DNA is copied with errors

What is the first step in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?

• Denaturation

• Annealing

• Extension

• Replication

Draw a labelled diagram of DNA

• Explain DNA replication, highlighting the roles of the enzymes helicase and DNA polymerase.

Explain how the polymerase chain reaction amplifies a DNA sequence.

Explain how gel electrophoresis can be used to produce a DNA Profile.