Twig Life through a Lens PREVIEW/Practice

With the central heating on, Darcy’s living room should be a comfortable 19°C.

But the room only reaches 16°C, which is too cold. Darcy realizes that warm air is

escaping through a gap underneath the door.

• To keep warm air inside the room and cold air outside.

• To decorate the room.

• To increase the room temperature to 25°C.

• To block sunlight from entering the room.

Answer explanation

The correct choice is to keep warm air inside the room and cold air outside, as this addresses the issue of warm air escaping through the gap under the door, which is causing the room to be too cold.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ETS1-3

What would the Independent Variable be?

• Thickness of Draft Excluder

• Temperature of Front Room

Answer explanation

The Independent Variable is the factor that is manipulated in an experiment. In this case, the 'Thickness of Draft Excluder' is what is being changed to observe its effect, making it the correct choice.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

What would the Dependent Variable be?

• Thickness of Draft Excluder

• Temperature of Front Room

Answer explanation

The Dependent Variable is the one that is measured in an experiment. In this case, the Temperature of the Front Room is affected by other factors, making it the dependent variable, while the Thickness of Draft Excluder is independent.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

With the central heating on, Darcy’s living room should be a comfortable 19°C.

But the room only reaches 16°C, which is too cold. Darcy realizes that warm air is

escaping through a gap underneath the door.

What temperature should Darcy's living room be with the central heating on?

• 19°C

• 16°C

• 21°C

• 23°C

Answer explanation

With the central heating on, the living room should be a comfortable 19°C. However, it only reaches 16°C due to warm air escaping. Therefore, the correct temperature Darcy's living room should be is 19°C.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

With the central heating on, Darcy’s living room should be a comfortable 19°C.

But the room only reaches 16°C, which is too cold. Darcy realizes that warm air is

escaping through a gap underneath the door. She decides to make a device called

a draft excluder (a fabric tube stuffed with foam) to keep the warm air inside the

room and the cold air outside.

What problem does Darcy face with her living room temperature?

• The room is too hot at 25°C.

• The room only reaches 16°C, which is too cold.

• The room is perfectly comfortable at 19°C.

• The room is too humid.

Answer explanation

Darcy's living room only reaches 16°C, which is too cold compared to the desired 19°C. This indicates that the problem is insufficient heating, not excessive heat or humidity.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ETS1-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

Which statement best explains the relationship between the thickness of the draft excluder and energy transfer?

• The 20 mm draft excluder allowed the greatest amount of energy to leave the living room, shown by the greatest increase in temperature after 1 hour.

• The 20 mm draft excluder allowed the smallest amount of energy to leave the living room, shown by the greatest increase in temperature after 1 hour.

• The 40 mm draft excluder allowed the greatest amount of energy to leave the living room, shown by the greatest increase in temperature after 1 hour.

• The 40 mm draft excluder allowed the smallest amount of energy to leave the living room, shown by the greatest increase in temperature after 1 hour.

Answer explanation

The 40 mm draft excluder minimized energy loss, resulting in the highest temperature increase after 1 hour, indicating better insulation compared to the 20 mm option.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Darcy wants to improve her design to better meet her criteria: her design should not allow the temperature in the living room to go below 19°C. She cannot create an expensive device. She collects additional data on costs of different materials.

Which design improvement could Darcy make to better meet her criteria while also meeting her constraint?

• Stuffing the draft excluder with foam to a thickness of 60 mm

• Adding an electronic heating element to the draft excluder

• Replacing the foam with recycled paper to a thickness of 50 mm

Answer explanation

Stuffing the draft excluder with foam to a thickness of 60 mm enhances insulation, helping maintain the living room temperature above 19°C without incurring high costs, thus meeting both criteria effectively.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ETS1-1

NGSS.MS-ETS1-2

Abilash sets up an investigation using cold water and hot water. He puts three drops of red food dye in each tumbler and waits ten seconds. His results are shown.

How can he describe the relationship between the temperature of the water and the energy of the water molecules in the system?

• The lower the temperature of the water, the greater the amount of energy in the system and the faster the water molecules move.

• The higher the temperature of the water, the greater amount of energy in the system and the faster the water molecules move.

• The higher the temperature of the water, the lower amount of energy in the system and the slower the water molecules move.

• The temperature of the water has no effect on the speed of the molecules, so the amount of energy in the system does not change.

Answer explanation

The higher the temperature of the water increases the energy in the system, causing the water molecules to move faster. This is evident as the red dye disperses more quickly in hot water than in cold.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Ally’s car becomes uncomfortably hot during the summer if she can’t park it in the shade. She wants to design a cover for her windshield to keep her car cool when she has to park it in the sun. She can only spend $10 on materials and has one week to make a prototype.

What is the maximum amount Ally can spend on materials for her windshield cover design?

• $5

• $10

• $15

• $20

Answer explanation

Ally can spend a maximum of $10 on materials for her windshield cover design, as stated in the question. Therefore, the correct answer is $10.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ETS1-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

Ally’s car becomes uncomfortably hot during the summer if she can’t park it in the shade. She wants to design a cover for her windshield to keep her car cool when she has to park it in the sun. She can only spend $10 on materials and has one week to make a prototype.

What are the constraints of her design

• Costs less than $10 to produce

• Time spent on design

• Keeps car interior at a temperature of less than 20℃

Answer explanation

The constraints of Ally's design include the cost, which must be less than $10, and the time limit of one week to create the prototype. These factors directly impact her ability to successfully complete the project.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ETS1-1