PS- Electricity & Magnets Vocabulary

Resistance

• The measure of electric power in watts (W).

• The opposition to the flow of electric current, measured in ohms (Ω).

• The rate at which electrical energy is consumed, measured in joules (J).

• The ability of a material to conduct electricity, measured in siemens (S).

Resistor

• A component in a circuit that provides resistance, controlling the flow of electric current.

• A device that stores electrical energy in an electric field.

• A component that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.

• A circuit element that allows current to flow freely without resistance.

Ohm's Law

• A principle stating that current is inversely proportional to voltage.

• A fundamental principle stating that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points and inversely proportional to the resistance (V = IR).

• A law that describes the relationship between power and resistance in a circuit.

• A theorem that states energy is conserved in electrical circuits.

Magnetic Field

• The area around a magnet where magnetic forces can be detected, represented by magnetic field lines.

• A type of energy that can be seen with the naked eye.

• The force that causes objects to float in the air.

• A phenomenon that occurs only in electric circuits.

Electrons

• Negatively charged particles that flow in an electric current.

• Positively charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom.

• Neutral particles that do not carry any charge.

• Particles that are responsible for the strong nuclear force.

Circuit

• A closed loop through which electric current can flow.

• A device that stores electrical energy.

• A pathway for sound waves to travel.

• A type of electrical resistance.

Switch

• A device used to open or close an electrical circuit, controlling the flow of current.

• A tool for measuring electrical resistance.

• A component that stores electrical energy for later use.

• A device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.

Voltage

• The electric potential difference between two points, which causes current to flow in a circuit, measured in volts (V).

• The measure of the flow of electric charge, measured in amperes (A).

• The opposition to the flow of electric current, measured in ohms (Ω).

• The amount of energy stored in a battery, measured in joules (J).

Ohm

• The unit of electrical resistance, representing the resistance of a conductor through which a current of one ampere flows with a voltage of one volt.

• The unit of electrical power, representing the rate at which electrical energy is transferred by an electric circuit.

• The unit of electrical current, representing the flow of electric charge through a conductor.

• The unit of electrical voltage, representing the difference in electric potential energy between two points.

Semiconductor

• A material with high electrical conductivity used in power lines.

• A material with electrical conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator, used in electronic components like diodes and transistors.

• A material that completely insulates electricity and is used in rubber products.

• A material that has no electrical conductivity and is used in thermal insulation.