SCIENCE 7 - 4Q W1-W4

It is a fracture in the Earth's crust through which movement has occurred. ​ (a)  

It is a sudden and violent shaking of the ground caused by the movement of the tectonic plates beneath the earth. It can occur on land or under the ocean. ​ (b)  

The side of a non-vertical fault that occurs above the fault plane. ​ (c)  

The side of a non-vertical fault that can be found below the fault plane. ​ (d)  

Also referred to as seismicity, is the occurrence and distribution of earthquakes in a region. ​ (e)  

• fault
• earthquake
• hanging wall
• foot wall
• seismic activity

The Pacific Ring of Fire covers a chain of shoreline countries around the Atlantic Ocean. ​ (a)  

The Pacific Ring of Fire is where wildfire often occurs. ​ (b)  

The movement of the ground is responsible for the geological activities on the Pacific Ring of Fire. ​ (c)  

The Pacific Ring of Fire dominates the Pacific Ocean with at least 450 dormant and active volcanoes, forming a horseshoe. ​ (d)  

There are a lot of volcanoes in the Pacific Ring of Fire because of the movement, collision, and destruction of lithospheric plates. ​ (e)  

• BLUFF
• FACT

Match the following type of fault

• normal fault

• 
• reverse faults (trust faults)

• 
• strike-slip faults

• 

Match the following type of fault

Groups:

(a) NORMAL FAULT

,

(b) THRUST RFAULTS

,

(c) STRIKE-SLIP FAULTS

• Inclined at an angle greater than

  45 degrees from the horizontal.

• common in transform plate boundaries where two tectonic plates slide past each other

  horizontally

• Nearly vertical, with minimal

  inclination from the horizontal.

• Inclined at an angle less than

  45 degrees from the horizontal.

• Horizontal motion where the

  movement is predominantly lateral along the fault

  plane.

• This type of faulting occurs in extensional

  tectonic settings, such as divergent plate

  boundaries.

• Reverse

  faults typically form in compressional tectonic

  settings such as convergent plate boundary

• Vertical motion where the hanging

  wall moves upward relative to the footwall.

• Vertical motion where the

  hanging wall moves downward relative to the

  footwall.

NORMAL FAULT

Forms in areas undergoing ​ (a)   tectonic stress, where the Earth's crust is being pulled apart (divergent movement) forming ​ (b)   . As the hanging wall moves ​ (c)   relative to the footwall, ​ (d)   stress builds up along the fault plane. Eventually, the accumulated stress exceeds the strength of the rocks, causing them to ​ (e)   energy in the form of seismic waves.

• extensional
• valleys
• downward
• rupture and release
• tensional

REVERSE FAULTS (THRUST FAULTS)​

Reverse faults form in areas undergoing ​ (a)   tectonic stress, where the Earth's crust is being pushed together. As the hanging wall moves ​ (b)   relative to the footwall, ​ (c)   stress builds up along the fault plane. When the

accumulated stress exceeds the strength of the rocks, they break along

the fault, releasing ​ (d)   energy as seismic waves.

• compressional
• upward
• stored

STRIKE-SLIP FAULTS

Strike-slip faults form in areas undergoing ​ (a)   tectonic stress, where the Earth's crust is moving ​ (b)   pas​t each other. Stress builds up along the fault plane due to the ​ (c)   between the moving plates. When the frictional ​ (d)   is overcome, the rocks on either side of the fault suddenly ​ (e)   past each other, releasing energy in the form of seismic waves.

• lateral
• friction
• horizontally
• slip
• resistance

Forms in areas undergoing compressional tectonic stress, where the Earth's crust is being pushed together. ​ (a)  

Forms in areas undergoing extensional tectonic stress, where the Earth's crust is being pulled apart (divergent movement) forming valleys. ​ (b)  

Form form in areas undergoing lateral tectonic stress, where the Earth's crust is moving horizontally past each other. ​ (c)  

• normal fault
• reverse or thrust faults
• strike-slip fault

In the Philippines, the most common types of faults are typically​ (a)   . The country is located along the ​ (b)   of the Philippine Sea Plate and the Eurasian Plate, where the movement is ​ (c)   (strike-slip) and ​ (d)   (thrust). These types of faults are responsible for the significant seismic activity and ​ (e)   experienced in the region.

• strike-slip faults and thrust (reverse) faults
• boundary
• predominantly lateral
• compressional
• earthquakes

​ (a)   is a transform boundary formed by the movement of the Philippine Sea Plate and the Eurasian Plate.

The ​ (b)   is the most active fault line in the Philippines.

​ (c)   are structures where we expect displacement to

occur. Because a shallow earthquake is a mechanism that causes displacement across a fault, they must all occur on active faults.

​ (d)   are features that we can recognize but do not produce earthquakes.

• Philippine Fault Zone (PFZ)
• Marikina Valley Fault System (MVFS)
• Active faults
• Inactive faults