Hard instruments

a form of lute or mandolin played principally in Arab countries

• saz

• tar

• balalaika

• oud

A long-necked stringed instrument of the lute family, orginating in the Ottoman Empire.

• saz

• tar

• balalaika

• oud

A long-necked, waisted lute family instrument, primarily used in Iranian and Azerbaijani music, known for its distinctive sound and role in traditional musical styles.

• saz

• tar

• balalaika

• oud

A West African musical instrument shaped like a lute, with 21 strings passing over a high bridge, and played like a harp.

• saz

• kora

• balalaika

• oud

A five or six-stringed, bowl-shaped lyre originating in Ethiopia and Eritrea, often associated with wandering minstrels and traditional music

• saz

• kora

• krar

• oud

A small, ten-stringed, lute-like instrument originating in the Andean regions of South America, often made with an armadillo shell as its soundbox, and used in traditional folk music

• charango
• ney

• banjo
• ukulele

An electronic musical instrument, invented in 1920 by Russian physicist Lev Termen, that is played without physical contact, by moving hands near two metal antennae to control pitch and volume

• Theremin
• Synthesizer
• Ondes Martenot

• Styleophone

A miniature analog electronic keyboard musical instrument played with a stylus.

• Theremin
• Synthesizer
• Ondes Martenot

• Styleophone

A free-reed keyboard instrument that produces sound when air, pumped by hand-operated bellows, vibrates metal reeds, creating musical notes

• celeste

• Accordion
• Synthesizer
• Harmonium

A musical instrument invented by Benjamin Franklin in 1761 consisting of a series of graduated, tuned glass bowls sounded by the friction of wetted fingers on their rims. 

• Glass harmonica

• Harmonium

• Jews harp

• Clavicord