End of Unit Review

Part of the food web from a local pond is shown in the pictures below. If all of the slugs were removed from the pond, what effect would this have on the ecosystem?

• All of the turtles and snakes would die.

• Snakes and turtles would need to eat more plants to maintain their populations.

• The turtles would eat the same amount of plants that they always ate, but no slugs, so there
  would be fewer turtles and snakes.

• The turtles would rely on only plants to survive, but there would be more plants available.
  Depending on change in the plant population, turtle & snake populations might be
  affected.

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This energy pyramid shows the flow of energy in an aquatic food chain. Choose the statement that correctly describes the flow of energy in this diagram.

• Consumers in the pyramid transfer their energy back to the sun after they die.

• Plants at the bottom of the pyramid get their energy from the soil they grow in.

• As you move up the pyramid, there is less energy at each level.

• Each level of consumer needs to make up for the decrease in energy by absorbing energy
  from the sun.

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Sam’s pet lizards reproduced & 30 baby lizards hatched. There were too many to take care of, so he set the baby lizards free outside his home. The lizards were originally from Africa and are not native to the ecosystem near his home. The lizards do not have any natural predators. Worms are the primary food for these lizards. How do you think the introduction of the lizards will affect the populations of bees and birds in the ecosystem? Use the food web to help you answer this question.

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A population of panthers lives in the southeastern United States. Over 50 years, the size of the panther population in the region increased. What best explains the increase in the size of the panther population? 

• The panther population is always increasing because no animal eats panthers. 

• Fewer panthers were born than died.

• More panthers were born than died.

• A lot of panthers were born and none of them died.

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Scientists have been studying the size of three populations along the coast of Antartica. In this ecosystem, penguins eat sardines (small fish), & sardines eat zooplankton. The data showed that all three populations were stable. Then the penguin population decreased suddenly. What will likely happen to the size of the sardine population as a result? USE FOOD WEB.

The size of the sardines population will...

• stay the same. The size of its resource population did not change, so the amount of energy storage molecules available for the sardines did not change. There will be the same number of births and deaths in the sardine population.

• decrease. A decrease in one population causes a decrease in the sizes of all other populations in the ecosystem.

• increase. The smaller penguin population will leave more energy storage molecules available for the sardine population to reproduce more. This will lead to more births in the sardine population.

• increase. The smaller penguin population will need fewer energy storage molecules, so they will eat fewer sardines. This will lead to fewer deaths than births in the sardine population.

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What do birds such as eagles and hawks need energy for?

• Flying

• Breathing

• Digesting food

• All the above

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A large population of squirrels lives in a forest. In the last 50 years, the size of the squirrel population has stayed the same. What must be true about the squirrel population during the last 50 years

• The number of squirrels that were born was the same as the number of squirrels that died.

• Humans started protecting the squirrel population so they stopped dying.

• The squirrels did not have any baby squirrels during these years.

• No squirrels were born and no squirrels died.

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In the northwestern United States, both coyotes and wolves eat deer. The sizes of the population have been stable for the last 6 years, but recently the size of the wolf population increased. What will likely happen to the coyote population?

USE THE FOOD WEB.

• decrease. Fewer energy storage molecules will be available to the coyote population from the smaller deer population, so the coyote population will reproduce less. This will lead to fewer births than deaths in the coyote population.

• decrease. The larger wolf population will leave fewer energy storage molecules for all other populations in the ecosystem, so the coyote population will reproduce less. This will lead to fewer births in the coyote population.

• increase. An increase in the size of any population leads to an increase in the sizes of all other populations in an ecosystem.

• stay the same. Coyotes and wolves do not eat each other, so the number of births and deaths in the coyote population will stay the same.

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Which of the following organisms down below are examples gathering energy storage molecules to reproduce?

Check off all that apply.

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  Female penguins catching and eating squid, small fish, and krill in order to reproduce.

• Salmon eating shrimp and eels from the pacific ocean in order to reproduce.

• Fireflies only creating chemical reactions to glow in order to reproduce.

• Elephant seals eating crabs in order to reproduce.

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DROP DOWN: Select the correct vocabulary terms that will best complete the sentence.

Snails are one ​​ (a)   for fireflies. This means that fireflies are the ​ ​ (b)   that gets some of their energy storage molecules by eating the snails.

• resource population
• consumer population

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