Unit 4 Chapter 1 2025

How are aquatic ecosystems and terrestrial ecosystems different?

• Aquatic ecosystems are in water, and terrestrial ecosystems are on land.

• Aquatic ecosystems are cold, and terrestrial ecosystems are hot.

• Aquatic ecosystems are above the equator, and terrestrial ecosystems are below the equator.

The rainforests in South America support many ecosystems.  These ecosystems are healthy.  How does the diversity in  the rainforests help determine the health of ecosystems?

• When diversity is high, there are more resources available

• Resources in the environment last longer when the diversity is low

• Less diverse ecosystems have less competition among the residents

• Areas with high diversity have increased competition among the residents

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A forest area is being used for a new housing development.  Most of the trees have been removed to make room for the new houses.  Predict the impact that this will have on the birds in the area.

• The bird populations will stay the same because humans love birds.

• The bird populations will decrease because humans see them as pests.

• The bird populations will increase because humans do not interfere with wild animals.

• The bird populations will decrease due to competition for resources such as food and nesting sites.

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Which organism is a decomposer in this food chain?

• Grass

• Rabbit

• Fox

• Fungi

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Which example below best represents a food chain?

• grasses   rabbits  hawks

• hawks   foxes  grasses

• rabbit decomposer plant

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Examine the food chain below. What will happen if a drought causes the population of grass to decrease?

• The population of decomposers will decrease because there are less organisms dying.

• The population of owls will not be affected because they are predators who do not eat grass.

• The population of mice will decrease because there will be less food available due to the drought.

• The population of grasshoppers will increase because they will find a different, better food source.​

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The food chain below shows one part of a complex food chain. How is energy transferred in this food chain?

• Organisms consume other organisms.

• Chemicals are absorbed through the skin.

• Organisms breathe in carbon dioxide.

• Producers consume other producers.

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What do the arrows in a food chain indicate about the flow of energy in an ecosystem?

• Energy is continuously recycled by the organisms in an ecosystem.

• Energy flows in one direction in an ecosystem, from producers to consumers.

• More of the available energy in an ecosystem is given to large animals than to small animals.

• Organisms at the end of the food chain receive more energy than those at the beginning.

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Which order correctly shows the flow of energy through a food chain?

• caterpillar  →→  sun →→ bird →→ plant

• sun →→  bird →→ caterpillar  →→ plant

• sun →→ plant  →→  caterpillar →→ bird

• bird →→  caterpillar →→ plant  →→  sun

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Unlike other forests, most of the tropical rainforests' soil is poor in nutrients. Many plants in those rainforests  grow tall and have large leaves and flowers even though the soil is nutrient poor. 
​Which would be the best question for scientists to investigate what plants need to grow in the rainforest? 

• How does the average temperature of soil in the rainforest affect plant growth ? 

• How does the size of plant leaves affect the growth of a rainforest plant? 

• Which materials in the rainforest will provide rainforest plants the matter needed for growth? 

• Which nutrients in the soil are the most effective in providing rainforest plants the materials needed for growth? 

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