11.7 Vocab List

Mass Consumption

• Caused by an increase in purchasing power, allowing customers to spend more on goods.

• A result of decreased technological advancements in the 1920s.

• A phenomenon that only affected rural areas in America.

• A trend that began in the 1950s with the rise of television.

New Deal

• A series of reforms enacted by the Franklin Roosevelt administration between 1933 and 1942 with the goal of ending the Great Depression.

• A military strategy used by the United States during World War II.

• A social program aimed at providing free education to all citizens.

• A tax reform initiative introduced in the 1920s to boost the economy.

Great Migration

• Movement of over 300,000 African Americans from the rural south into Northern cities between 1914 and 1920.

• A significant increase in European immigration to the United States during the early 20th century.

• The relocation of Native Americans to reservations in the western United States.

• A mass exodus of Southern whites to the Northern states for economic opportunities.

Black Tuesday

• October 29, 1929; date of the worst stock-market crash in American history and beginning of the Great Depression.

• October 29, 1929; the day the stock market recovered after the Great Depression.

• October 29, 1929; the day the Federal Reserve was established.

• October 29, 1929; the day the first stock exchange was opened in New York.

Alphabet Soup

• A term for a type of soup popular during the Great Depression.

• A group of New Deal programs for Relief, Reform, and Recovery.

• A nickname for the stock market crash of 1929.

• A collection of recipes from the 1930s.

Speculation

• The practice of making high-risk investments with borrowed money in hopes of getting a big return.

• A method of saving money in a bank account for future use.

• Investing in low-risk bonds to ensure steady returns.

• A strategy of diversifying investments to minimize risk.

Great Depression

• An economic boom in the 1920s

• The economic crisis beginning with the stock market crash in 1929 and continuing through the 1930s.

• A period of rapid industrialization in the 1950s

• A global recession caused by World War II

Rugged Individualism

• A belief that individuals should rely on government support for their needs.

• Herbert Hoover’s belief that people must be self-reliant and not depend upon the federal government for assistance.

• A philosophy advocating for communal living and shared resources.

• An economic theory promoting government intervention in the market.

Bank Holiday

• Closed all banks until government examiners could investigate their financial condition; only sound/solvent banks were allowed to reopen.

• A day when banks are open for regular business hours.

• A holiday that allows banks to offer special promotions and discounts.

• A day when all financial transactions are suspended.

Scopes Trial (1925)

• A Tennessee legal case involving the teaching of evolution in public schools.

• A Supreme Court case about the legality of same-sex marriage.

• A legal battle over the prohibition of alcohol in the 1920s.

• A trial concerning the rights of labor unions in the workplace.