'Sunset Boulevard' - Key Words and Definitions - Reality

Fatalism

• The belief that one’s fate is predetermined and unchangeable, reflected in the noir tone of the film.

• The idea that individuals can control their destiny through choices and actions.

• A philosophical doctrine that emphasizes the randomness of life events.

• The belief that fate is influenced by external supernatural forces.

Cynicism

• A belief in the goodness of human nature and the world

• A skeptical or pessimistic view of life, often seen in Joe’s narration.

• An optimistic outlook on future events

• A philosophical doctrine that emphasizes the importance of reason

Inevitability

• The belief that all events are random and unpredictable.

• The sense that events will unfold in a predictable, unavoidable way (e.g., Joe’s fate).

• The idea that one can change their destiny through hard work.

• The notion that future events are predetermined by external forces.

Manipulation

• The use of power to control others, often in real-world dynamics (e.g., Norma’s control over Joe).

• A method of persuasion that relies on logical reasoning and evidence.

• An act of kindness aimed at helping others without any ulterior motives.

• A strategy to influence someone's feelings through emotional appeals.

Realism

• A truthful, unembellished depiction of life (e.g., the film’s critique of Hollywood).

• An exaggerated portrayal of events to evoke strong emotions.

• A focus on fantastical elements and imaginative storytelling.

• A narrative style that emphasizes moral lessons and clear resolutions.

Decay

• The process of rapid growth and expansion.

• The slow deterioration of something once grand (e.g., Norma’s mansion symbolising her fading relevance).

• A sudden and dramatic change in circumstances.

• The act of preserving something in its original state.

Disillusionment

• The feeling of being excited about something new.

• The realization that something is not as great as once believed (e.g., Joe realizing Hollywood is unforgiving).

• A state of complete satisfaction and happiness.

• The process of discovering new opportunities and experiences.

Pragmatism

• A theoretical approach to life based on ideals and principles.

• A practical, survival-driven approach to life (e.g., Joe staying with Norma for financial stability).

• An approach that emphasizes emotional responses over logical reasoning.

• A method of problem-solving that relies solely on abstract concepts.

Exploitation

• Taking advantage of someone for personal gain (e.g., Joe using Norma for financial security, Norma using Joe for companionship).

• A mutual agreement where both parties benefit equally.

• A form of cooperation where individuals work together for a common goal.

• A situation where one party helps another without expecting anything in return.

Authenticity

• Genuine or true emotions and experiences (e.g., Betty’s and Joe’s budding relationship).

• A state of being false or insincere.

• A measure of how well something is made or constructed.

• A term used to describe something that is outdated.