Research Methods in Sociology Vocabulary

The term 'Hypothesis' in the context of sociology is defined as a testable statement explaining a phenomenon.

• A proposed explanation for a phenomenon that can be tested

• An untestable assumption without evidence

• A social norm upheld by society

• A statistical measurement in social research

What is the 'Scientific Method' and how is it used in sociological research? It is a systematic process of inquiry involving observation, hypothesis formulation, testing, and drawing conclusions.

• A systematic process of inquiry involving observation, hypothesis formulation, testing, and drawing conclusions.

• A method primarily based on intuition and tradition in research.

• A collection of untested theories with no empirical basis.

• A subjective technique used to interpret social phenomena without structured research.

The concept of 'Variable' in sociology refers to a measurable characteristic or factor that can vary among individuals or groups.

• A measurable characteristic or factor that can vary

• A constant that never changes

• A sociological theory

• A unit of analysis

Quantitative in the context of sociological research means:

• Numerical measurement and analysis of social phenomena.

• Narrative description of social phenomena.

• Interpretation of social meaning.

• Subjective analysis using interviews.

Qualitative research in sociology is:

• Focused on numerical data analysis

• Involves non-numerical data analysis of social phenomena

• Strictly based on statistical methods

• Does not include any form of data analysis

Operational Definition in sociology is defined as a clear, measurable definition of a concept that specifies the procedures used to determine its presence and value, which is crucial for ensuring consistency and replicability in research.

• It is a clear, measurable definition of a concept, ensuring consistency and replicability in sociological research.

• It is a vague description of social ideas without any measurable criteria.

• It refers to the theoretical background of a sociological study without practical application.

• It is an ethical guideline ensuring fairness in sociological research.

Reliability in sociological research refers to the consistency and stability of the research measurements.

• Consistency and stability of research measurements

• The accuracy of research measurements

• The ethical considerations in research

• The validity of research findings

In sociological studies, the term 'Validity' means the extent to which the study measures what it is intended to measure.

• It indicates the extent to which the study measures what it is intended to measure.

• It signifies the consistency of the findings across repeated measurements.

• It represents the reliability of the research process.

• It denotes the adequacy of the sample size.

Critical Sociology is a branch of sociology that critiques and seeks to change power structures in society.

• It critiques and seeks to change power structures in society.

• It solely focuses on cultural trends.

• It is only concerned with social psychology.

• It ignores the influence of power and class dynamics.

Explain the terms Mean, Median, and Mode.

• Mean is the average value; Median is the middle value in an ordered data set; Mode is the value that appears most frequently.

• Mean is the middle value; Median is the average value; Mode is the sum of the values.

• Mean is the sum of values divided by the count; Median is the value with the highest frequency; Mode is the middle value.

• Mean is the most frequent value; Median is the sum of values; Mode is the average value.