Cellular Processes and Energy Transformations

What is the primary role of light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis?

• To produce glucose directly from sunlight.

• To convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH.

• To fix carbon dioxide into organic molecules.

• To release oxygen as a byproduct of cellular respiration.

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How do carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen from sugar molecules contribute to the formation of amino acids?

• They are directly converted into amino acids without any additional elements.

• They combine with nitrogen and other elements to form amino acids.

• They are broken down into simpler molecules that are then used to form amino acids.

• They are used to produce ATP, which is then converted into amino acids.

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Which of the following best describes cellular respiration?

• A process that uses sunlight to produce glucose.

• A chemical process that breaks down food molecules and oxygen to release energy.

• A process that stores energy in the form of glucose.

• A process that converts carbon dioxide into oxygen.

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In photosynthesis, what is the role of chlorophyll in the light-dependent reactions?

• It absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

• It captures light energy and converts it into chemical energy.

• It releases oxygen as a byproduct.

• It synthesizes glucose from water and carbon dioxide.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-5

Which elements are necessary for the formation of large carbon-based molecules from sugar molecules?

• Only carbon and hydrogen.

• Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

• Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.

• Only carbon and oxygen.

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What is the net result of cellular respiration in terms of energy?

• Energy is stored in the form of glucose.

• Energy is released in the form of ATP.

• Energy is absorbed from the environment.

• Energy is converted into light.

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Which of the following processes is directly involved in the growth of an organism?

• Photosynthesis

• Mitosis

• Cellular respiration

• Fermentation

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What is the main purpose of the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis?

• To capture light energy.

• To convert carbon dioxide into glucose.

• To release oxygen into the atmosphere.

• To break down glucose into energy.

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How do sugar molecules contribute to the formation of proteins?

• They are directly converted into proteins.

• They provide carbon skeletons that combine with nitrogen to form amino acids.

• They are broken down into fatty acids that form proteins.

• They are used to produce ATP, which is then converted into proteins.

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Which of the following best describes the role of oxygen in cellular respiration?

• Oxygen is used to produce glucose.

• Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain.

• Oxygen is converted into carbon dioxide.

• Oxygen is used to capture light energy.

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