Digestive System Review

What are the functions of the digestive system?

• digestion, absorption, elimination

• ingestion, congestion, elimination

• congestion, digestion, elimination

Answer explanation

The digestive system's main functions are digestion (breaking down food), absorption (taking nutrients into the body), and elimination (removing waste). The correct choice is 'digestion, absorption, elimination'.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-3

Where does most absorption of nutrients take place?

• Stomach

• Small intestine

• Large intestine

• Gall bladder

Answer explanation

Most nutrient absorption occurs in the small intestine, where villi and microvilli increase surface area, allowing for efficient uptake of nutrients from digested food.

Where is bile produced?

• Kidney

• Pancreas

• Liver

• Small intestine

Answer explanation

Bile is produced in the liver, which plays a crucial role in digestion by helping to emulsify fats. The other options, such as the kidney and pancreas, do not produce bile.

What are these structures call that are found on the lining of the small intestine?

• Gallbladder

• Villi

• Sphincter

• Duodenum

Answer explanation

The structures found on the lining of the small intestine are called villi. They increase the surface area for absorption of nutrients, making them essential for digestion.

Which organ churns food and uses acid and enzymes to break down food?

• stomach

• esophagus

• mouth

• epiglottis

Answer explanation

The stomach is the organ that churns food and uses acid and enzymes to break it down, making it essential for digestion. The esophagus transports food, the mouth begins digestion, and the epiglottis prevents food from entering the windpipe.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-7

What is the function of the teeth and tongue

• chemical digestion

• break down food

• mechanical digestion

• they only chew food

Answer explanation

The teeth and tongue are primarily involved in mechanical digestion, which involves physically breaking down food into smaller pieces. This process prepares food for further digestion, distinguishing it from chemical digestion.

Enzymes in your saliva help break down food, this is an example of ...

• Mechanical digestion

• Chemical digestion

Answer explanation

Enzymes in saliva, like amylase, chemically break down food into simpler molecules. This process is known as chemical digestion, distinguishing it from mechanical digestion, which involves physical breakdown.

This organ absorbs water from digested food

• small intestine

• stomach

• villi

• large intestine

Answer explanation

The large intestine is responsible for absorbing water from digested food, while the small intestine primarily absorbs nutrients. The stomach mainly digests food, and villi are structures in the small intestine that aid absorption.

This organ produces several enzymes that chemically break down food, food does not pass through this organ

• liver

• pancreas

• gall bladder

• stomach

Answer explanation

The pancreas produces enzymes that break down food chemically, but food does not pass through it. In contrast, the liver and gall bladder are involved in processing and storing substances, while the stomach is where food is digested.

What is an example of mechanical digestion?

• Churning of the stomach 

•  Saliva 

Answer explanation

Churning of the stomach is an example of mechanical digestion as it physically breaks down food into smaller pieces. Saliva, while important for chemical digestion, does not involve mechanical processes.