Unit 5 World History

During the nineteenth century, several European powers pursued a policy of imperialism in Africa and Asia. What was one important effect of European imperialism in Africa?

• African natural resources were exploited by colonial powers.

• Working conditions for the majority of people of Africa improved.

• The African economy became dependent on the export of manufactured goods.

• Europeans recognized the superiority of African culture.

Which factor created favorable conditions for the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain?

• A low rural population in central England

• The presence of large oil reserves in the North Sea

• Large deposits of iron and coal in England

• An abundance of grain and livestock in southern Scotland

A key principle of the system of free enterprise is the —

• production of war materials by governments

• organization of workers into unions

• government ownership of most property

• private ownership of businesses

These documents are similar in that each established a system in which —

• an individual was granted freedom from taxation

• rulers were responsible to the people they governed

• the lawmaking process was controlled by religious leaders

• the power of the leader of government came directly from God

The writings of Baron Charles de Montesquieu exercised great influence on the framers of the U.S. Constitution. Which idea of Montesquieu’s was most influential?

• The powers of government must be placed in separate branches to serve as a check against tyranny.

• A government should express the general will of the people it governs.

• Citizens have a right and duty to challenge the actions of a tyrannical king.

• A government must work to protect its citizens’ natural rights, including their right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

Which of the following was a major consequence of the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain?

• Trade agreements were broken as the country became more self-reliant.

• Harsh working conditions in factories caused a decrease in population.

• Many people moved from rural areas to cities in search of work.

• Trade schools increased economic opportunities for women.

Which common ideal was shared by all of these revolutions?

• nationalism

• popular sovereignty

• industrialization

• separation of powers

How did the American and French Revolutions differ?

• Americans cut their ties to a distant monarch; the French overthrew their monarchy at home.

• The American Revolution led to violence and warfare; the French Revolution was peaceful and orderly.

• The American Revolution established a democratic form of government; the French Revolution never attempted to establish a democracy.

• The French Revolution took away the privileges of the nobility and the Catholic Church; the American Revolution preserved hereditary social privileges.

In this oath, the South American leader Simón Bolívar most clearly resembles the —

• North American colonists challenging British rule

• French bourgeoisie challenging hereditary privilege

• Russian people resisting Napoleon’s invasion

• British merchants opposing the slave trade

These developments contributed most directly to the —

• Renaissance

• Reformation

• Columbian Exchange

• Industrial Revolution