Understanding the Skeleton System

What are the main functions of the skeletal system?

• Regulate body temperature

• Transmit nerve signals

• The main functions of the skeletal system are to provide structure, protect organs, facilitate movement, produce blood cells, and store minerals.

• Digest food

Describe the structure of a long bone.

• A long bone is made up of only cartilage.

• A long bone has a diaphysis, epiphyses, metaphysis, medullary cavity, and periosteum.

• A long bone has no medullary cavity.

• A long bone consists only of a single shaft.

What type of bone is primarily responsible for blood cell production?

• Flat bones and the ends of long bones

• Sesamoid bones

• Irregular bones

• Short bones

Name the four main types of bones in the human body.

• hexagonal bones

• triangular bones

• circular bones

• long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones

What is the role of the periosteum in bone structure?

• The periosteum provides protection, nourishment, and a site for muscle attachment in bone structure.

• The periosteum is responsible for blood cell production in bones.

• The periosteum is primarily involved in the storage of fat in bone tissue.

• The periosteum acts as a shock absorber during physical activity.

Identify the three types of joints based on their movement.

• Fixed, Semi-Fixed, Mobile

• Hinge, Ball-and-Socket, Pivot

• Synarthroses, Amphiarthroses, Diarthroses

• Elastic, Rigid, Flexible

What type of joint allows for the greatest range of motion?

• Saddle joint

• Ball-and-socket joint

• Hinge joint

• Pivot joint

Explain the difference between synovial and non-synovial joints.

• Synovial joints are immovable and have a joint cavity.

• Non-synovial joints allow for free movement and are less stable.

• Synovial joints are found only in the skull and have no joint cavity.

• Synovial joints allow for free movement and have a joint cavity, while non-synovial joints are more stable and lack a joint cavity.

What is the function of cartilage in joints?

• To provide nutrients to the bones

• The function of cartilage in joints is to provide cushioning and reduce friction between bones.

• To store fat for energy

• To connect muscles to bones

List two common skeletal disorders and their effects on the body.

• 1. Osteoporosis: Weakens bones, increasing fracture risk. 2. Scoliosis: Causes abnormal spine curvature, affecting posture and causing pain.

• Arthritis: Causes joint inflammation and pain.

• Rickets: Leads to softening of bones due to vitamin D deficiency.

• Tendinitis: Involves inflammation of tendons, affecting movement.