What is the primary purpose of research?

• To entertain

• To generate questions

• To answer questions and solve problems

• To confirm personal opinions

Answer explanation

The primary purpose of research is to answer questions and solve problems. It systematically investigates topics to provide insights and solutions, rather than merely entertaining or confirming personal opinions.

Which of the following is NOT a type of research method?

• Qualitative

• Quantitative

• Descriptive

• Subjective

Answer explanation

Subjective is not a recognized research method like Qualitative, Quantitative, and Descriptive. It refers to personal opinions rather than systematic investigation.

In a scientific study, the hypothesis is typically:

• The conclusion

• The research question

• A testable prediction or statement

• The method of data collection

Answer explanation

In a scientific study, the hypothesis is a testable prediction or statement that can be evaluated through experimentation, distinguishing it from conclusions, research questions, or methods of data collection.

What is a variable in research?

• A constant factor

• A factor that can change or be measured

• The conclusion of the study

• The hypothesis

Answer explanation

A variable in research is defined as a factor that can change or be measured. This distinguishes it from constants, conclusions, and hypotheses, which do not vary in the same way.

Which of the following is an example of qualitative data?

• Age of participants

• Participant responses in an interview

• Number of people in a sample

• Height measurements

Answer explanation

Qualitative data describes characteristics or qualities. Participant responses in an interview provide insights and opinions, making them qualitative. In contrast, age, sample size, and height are quantitative measurements.

Which of the following research designs is most suitable for exploring cause-and-effect relationships?

• Case study

• Experimental design

• Survey research

• Observational research

Answer explanation

Experimental design is most suitable for exploring cause-and-effect relationships because it involves manipulation of variables and control groups, allowing researchers to establish direct links between causes and their effects.

What does the term "peer review" refer to in the context of research?

• The process of funding a study

• The publication of results in a journal

• The evaluation of research by experts in the field

• The selection of participants for a study

Answer explanation

The term "peer review" refers to the evaluation of research by experts in the field, ensuring the quality and validity of the study before publication.

What is the main characteristic of an experimental group in a study?

• It receives no treatment

• It receives the experimental treatment or intervention

• It is used only for observation

• It is chosen randomly

Answer explanation

The main characteristic of an experimental group is that it receives the experimental treatment or intervention, allowing researchers to assess the effects of that treatment compared to a control group.

Which type of reasoning is typically used when forming a hypothesis?

• Deductive reasoning

• Inductive reasoning

• Circular reasoning

• Emotional reasoning

Answer explanation

Inductive reasoning is typically used to form hypotheses by observing patterns and making generalizations. Deductive reasoning, on the other hand, tests hypotheses based on established principles, making it the correct choice here.

What is the purpose of a literature review in research?

• To summarize the methodology of a study

• To examine the results of the research

• To explore previous research and existing knowledge on a topic

• To collect data from participants

Answer explanation

The purpose of a literature review is to explore previous research and existing knowledge on a topic, providing context and background for the current study, rather than summarizing methodology or results.