Declaration of Independence Exam

What is the main goal of the opening paragraph of the Declaration of Independence?

• A. To announce an immediate war against Britain

• C. To justify the need for a formal declaration of separation

• D. To enumerate specific complaints against King George III

Answer explanation

The first paragraph of the Declaration of Independence serves to explain why a formal declaration of separation from Britain is necessary, outlining the philosophical justification for independence rather than listing grievances.

According to paragraph 2, from where does Jefferson claim governments obtain their authority?

• Military strength

• The consent of the governed

• Parliamentary authority

Answer explanation

In paragraph 2, Jefferson emphasizes that governments derive their power from the consent of the governed, meaning that legitimate authority comes from the agreement and support of the people, not from military strength or parliamentary authority.

What does the phrase "self-evident truths" imply about these ideas?

• Debatable among scholars

• Obviously true without proof

• Based on scientific evidence

Answer explanation

The phrase "self-evident truths" indicates that these ideas are obviously true without needing proof, making the correct choice "Obviously true without proof." This aligns with the common understanding of self-evidence.

What does the structure of the document in listing grievances illustrate?

• A. Chronological order

• B. Random arrangement

• C. Parallel structure

Answer explanation

The document's structure lists grievances using parallel construction, meaning each grievance is presented in a similar format or structure, enhancing clarity and impact.

What does the Declaration imply about "unalienable rights"?

• B. Impossible to protect

• C. Given to all and cannot be taken away

• D. Limited to certain classes

Answer explanation

The Declaration states that "unalienable rights" are inherent to all individuals and cannot be taken away, supporting choice C. This emphasizes equality and the fundamental nature of these rights.

In what way does Jefferson reinforce his argument regarding British tyranny?

• By solely employing emotional appeals

• B. By systematically listing particular grievances

• D. By making personal attacks on the monarch

Answer explanation

Jefferson strengthens his argument about British oppression by systematically listing specific grievances, which provides concrete evidence of the injustices faced, rather than relying solely on emotional appeals or personal attacks.

In paragraph 33, the document's mention of Divine Providence serves as an appeal to which of the following?

• B. Religious authority

• C. Political ideology

• D. Scientific evidence

Answer explanation

The reference to Divine Providence in para. 33 invokes a higher power, appealing to religious authority rather than political ideology or scientific evidence, making B the correct choice.

What is the purpose of Jefferson's repeated use of "we" in the document?

• Confuse the reader

• Establish collective authority

• Minimize individual responsibility

Answer explanation

Jefferson's use of "we" throughout the document serves to establish collective authority, emphasizing unity and shared responsibility among the people, rather than confusing the reader or minimizing individual responsibility.

The term "merciless Indian savages" reflects:

• B. Cultural awareness

• C. Historical prejudice

• D. Tactical approach

Answer explanation

The phrase "merciless Indian savages" reflects the prejudiced views of the time, showcasing a lack of cultural sensitivity and understanding towards Native Americans, which is characteristic of period-typical prejudice.

What aspect does the document highlight regarding petitions to Britain?

• Colonial military strength

• Attempts made at peaceful resolution

• British military superiority

• Economic advantages

Answer explanation

The document highlights attempts made at peaceful resolution, indicating the colonists sought dialogue and negotiation with Britain rather than immediate conflict, contrasting with the other options that focus on military or economic aspects.