Concurrency and Parallelism

What is the primary difference between concurrency and parallelism?

• a. Concurrency requires multiple CPU cores while parallelism uses a single core

• b. Concurrency deals with task structure while parallelism deals with simultaneous execution

• c. Concurrency is faster than parallelism in all cases

• d. Parallelism can only be achieved through multithreading

Which analogy best describes concurrent execution?

• a. Multiple cashiers serving different customers simultaneously

• b. A single cashier alternating between multiple customers

• c. Multiple customers shopping at different stores

• d. Multiple stores operating in different locations

In the context of computing, what is a thread?

• a. A complete program running independently

• b. The smallest unit of execution within a process

• c. A type of memory management system

• d. A networking protocol for data transfer

What is a key characteristic of processes compared to threads?

• a. Processes share memory with other processes

• b. Processes have faster context switching

• c. Processes have their own memory space

• d. Processes are lighter than threads

Which is a primary challenge in concurrent programming?

• a. Race conditions

• b. Slow processor speed

• c. Limited memory capacity

• d. Network latency

What is the purpose of using threads in an application?

• a. To increase available memory

• b. To allow multitasking within a single application

• c. To improve network connectivity

• d. To create separate memory spaces

What is deadlock in concurrent systems?

• a. When a program crashes due to memory overflow

• b. When two or more threads wait indefinitely for each other to release resources

• c. When a single thread consumes all CPU resources

• d. When multiple processes compete for network access

What is a key characteristic of parallel computing?

• a. It only works with single-core processors

• b. It requires sequential processing

• c. It breaks down large problems into smaller ones

• d. It can only handle one task at a time

How does concurrency improve system efficiency?

• a. By requiring multiple CPU cores

• b. By optimizing CPU usage through task alternation

• c. By eliminating the need for memory management

• d. By removing the need for process scheduling

What is a key advantage of using processes over threads?

• a. Faster context switching

• b. Better memory sharing

• c. Better isolation and security

• d. Lower resource usage