CH9 MORE BONDING QUESTIONS

Sort the following characteristics into the correct categories: Ionic Bonds, Covalent Bonds, and Both.

Groups:

(a) Ionic bonds

,

(b) Covalent bonds

,

(c) Both

• Result in the formation of compounds with distinct properties

• Usually soluble in water

• Generally poor conductors of electricity (no free ions)

• Formed between two or more non-metals

• Create positive (cation) and negative (anion) ions

• Can be single, double, or triple bonds (depending on the number of shared electrons)

• Formed between metals and non-metals

• Follow the octet rule (in most cases)

• Involve interactions between electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration

• Conduct electricity when molten or dissolved in water

• Often insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents

• Involve the transfer of electrons (one atom loses, another gains)

The diagram shows a neutral atom. What is particle Z?

• proton

• electron

• neutron

• nucleus

The table shows four different substances. For which substance does the type of bonding shown not match?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Which molecule has only two shared pairs of electrons?

• CH₄

• Cl₂

• HCl

• H₂O

Which row describes the formation of single covalent bonds in methane (CH₄)?

• A

• B

• C

• D

The diagram shows the electron configuration of a 2+ ion. How many protons are in the nucleus, and which group does the element belong to?

• 8 protons; Group 8

• 12 protons; Group 8

• 10 protons; Group 2

• 12 protons; Group 2

Fluorine, F₂, is in the same group of the Periodic Table as chlorine, Cl₂. Which diagram represents the arrangement of the outer-shell electrons in a molecule of fluorine?

• 
• 
• 
• 

A covalent molecule M contains a total of four shared electrons. What is M?

• ammonia, NH₃

• hydrogen chloride, HCl

• methane, CH₄

• water, H₂O

Match the molecule to the number of shared electrons it has.

• 8 shared electrons

• ammonia, NH₃

• 4 shared electrons

• methane, CH₄

• 2 shared electrons

• water, H₂O

• 6 shared electrons

• hydrogen chloride, HCl

Ionic compounds are formed when metals react with nonmetals.

Which row correctly describes the electron transfer when an ionic bond is formed and the nature of the bond?

• A

• B

• C

• D