3.3.3 Tropical Storms and Drought Conditions

Tropical storms travel in jet streams

• True

• False

Answer explanation

1. TRADE WINDS

Tropical storms initially move from east to west

• True

• False

Answer explanation

1. DEFLECTING TRADE WINDS

Monsoons are a result of seasonal temperature gradients between land and sea

• True

• False

Answer explanation

The land heats and cools slower than the sea

• True

• False

Answer explanation

Faster- water has a high heat capactiy and therefore takes longer to warm up.

Metals within land masses conduct heat and therefore warm quickly

Monsoons in Asia pull the ITCZ southwards

• True

• False

Answer explanation

Northwards - following the thermal equator moving with the earth's orbit and tilt around the sun. In January, the soouthern hemisphere is tilted towards the sun.

Tropical storms will gain more energy travelling along a shallow coastline

• True

• False

Answer explanation

Shallower water heats up more quickly and retains its heat as not cooled by deeper oceans water that recive less sunlight

The Atlantic Multi-decadal oscillation changes every 10-20 years

• True

• False

Answer explanation

60-80 years

Cooling periods are sometimes linked to La Nina (strengthening of trade winds) but can also be linked to freshwater input at the poles, and SE trade winds causing cold deep sea water to come to the surface at the equator (upwelling), replacing evaporating surface water.

A negative cool phase of the AMDO leads to less rainfall

• True

• False

Answer explanation

Cooling of sea water = less evaporation = less humidity in Sahel air masses.

ITCZ is partly driven by the thermal equator

• True

• False

Answer explanation

Also by the strength of trade winds

El Nino and La Nina will also impact strength and air humidity

The soil moisture budget is infiltration/ run-off

• True

• False

Answer explanation

Precipitation/ Evaporation