A population of white moths lives in a forest near a factory. This factory burns coal and pollutes the air with black dust. Over time, this dust has settled on the trees in the area, making them darker in color. This could result in

a decrease in the white moth population

an increase in the white moth population

a decrease in the air pollution affecting the area

an increase in the number of trees in the area

When a particular white moth lands on a white birch tree, its color has a high adaptive value. If the birch trees become converted with black soot, what would the white color of this particular moth in this environment most likely do?

change to a more adaptive black color

Eye color, hair color, and skin color often vary from person to person and even within a family. One explanation is that

the inherited traits of individuals are determined by different gene combinations

the glucose units in a DNA molecule are often rearranged

some extra parts of genetic material are often gained during fetilization

the genetic material of the female parent has the most influence on offspring

The molecule DNA contains the four bases listed below. A - adenine C - cytosine G - guanine T - thymine Which base pairings normally occur during DNA replication?

Adeninine pairs with thymine. Cytosine pairs with guanine.

Guanine pairs with cytosine. Thymine pairs with thymine.

Thymine pairs with guanine. Cytosine pairs with adenine.

Cytosine pairs with cytosine. Thymine pairs with thymine.

What is the relationship between an organism's DNA and protein specificity?

DNA determines the amino acid sequence of each protein

DNA becomes a specific part of the protein structure

DNA determines which RNA molecules are incorporated into protein molecules

DNA determines the ribosomal RNA sequence that becomes part of the protein structure

During a laboratory activity, students ran in place for three minutes. Students then complained of muscle fatigue in their legs. State one biological reason why the students experienced muscle fatigue after exercising.

anaerobic respiration occurred which led to wastes building up in the muscle cells

anaerobic respiration occurred which led to a build of oxygen in the cells

aerobic respiration occurred which led to glucose building up in muscle cells

aerobic respiration occurred which led to alcoholic fermentation

Corn seeds with identical genetic information were planted on two adjacent farms. The corn plants on one farm were well fertilized and grew large, while the plants on the other farm were not given fertilizer and did not grow as large. The best explanation for these observations is that

environmental conditions affect gene expression

crops grow differently in different climates

the plants on one farm had different genes from the plants on the other farm

the corn plants all contained mutated genes that made them grow

A strand of DNA in a skin cell contains the bases: A-T-G-C-C-A-T-C-G-G-T-A After the cell is exposed to ultraviolet light, the strand contains the bases: A-T-G-G-C-C-A-T-C-G-G-T-A Which statement describes the result of this exposure?

one base has been substituted for another

there have been no changes in the bases

Studies have shown that children are especially vulnerable to the effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Tanning beds expose the skin to nearly ten times as much UV radiation as natural sunlight. With that knowledge, a law was passed in NY State to prevent individuals under the age of 18 from using tanning beds. Which statement best explains why UV radiation is so harmful?

certain environmental factors can increase the occurrence of harmful gene mutations

diseases are all caused by exposure to environmental factors

homeostasis in an organism is increased by the presence of radiation

radiation decreases the likelihood that infectious agents cause mutations

Students hypothesized that eating a candy bar a few minutes prior to exercising would increase the number of jumping jacks they could do in a given amount of time. Each participant ate one candy bar, waited 10 minutes, then did jumping jacks for one minute. Which three human body systems are most directly involved in converting the energy in food to energy needed to do an activity such as jumping jacks?

digestive, respiratory, and circulatory

circulatory, respiratory, and immune

respiratory, reproductive, and digestive

circulatory, digestive, and immune

A species of octopus lives in the depths of the ocean where oxygen levels are low. These octopuses have specific proteins in their blood that allow for more efficient oxygen transport than in those that live in surface waters. Which statement best explains the presence of these proteins in the octopuses living deep in the ocean?

octopuses that had the specific proteins were able to survive and reproduce in the deep water environment and passed the trait on to future generations

when some octopuses migrated to a deeper environment, they needed to produce new proteins so that their blood could carry more oxygen

mutations occurred in the body cells of the octopuses, which resulted in the specific proteins being produced and passed on to their offspring

migration to warmer and shallower ocean water favored the formation of the specific proteins

A Karyotype is shown in the diagram. Information in this Karyotype indicates that the individual is a

female with an abnormal number of chromosomes

male with an abnormal number of chromosomes

Different species of the Galapagos finches have beaks of unique shapes and sizes. These differences are most likely due to finches

adapting to different environments over many generations

mating with other bird species living on the Galapagos Islands

flying to the Galapagos Islands from South America

feeding on small and large seeds

The diagram represents one of a number of different types of mutations that can occur in DNA. This mutation can best be described as the

substitution of an adenine (A) base for guanine (G)

insertion of an adenine (A) base into both strands of the DNA molecule

pairing of an adenine (A) base with thymine (T)

deletion of an adenine (A) base from the DNA molecule

The diagram represents an experimental setup. Which statement best describes what would most likely be observed after 20 minutes?

the contents of the dialysis tube would turn blue-black

the liquid in the beaker would turn blue-black

there would be no change visible

Base your answer to the following question on the diagram which illustrates the change that occured in the physical appearance of a rabbit population over a 10-year period. Which condition would explain this change over time?

a decrease in the advantage of having white fur

an increase in the chromosome number of the rabbits with black fur

an increase in the advantage of having white fur

a decrease in the mutation rate of the rabbits with black fur

Quarterly 3 Review

Authored by D. Re

Science

10th Grade

NGSS covered

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Which is an example of a genotype with homozygous alleles?

green eyes

blue and green eyes

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Each body cell of a chimpanzee contains 48 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would normally be present in a gamete produced by this chimpanzee?

For a given trait, the two genes of a pair of alleles are not alike. An individual possessing this gene combination is said to be

homozygous for that trait

pure for that trait

recessive for that trait

heterozygous for that trait

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

The energy used to obtain, transfer, and transport materials within an organism comes directly from

sunlight

ATP

DNA

starch

Plants that live in hot, dry climates have evolved mechanisms to help conserve limited water supplies. One example is the closing of leaf openings by guard cells during the day to decrease water loss from their leaves. This detection of and response to an environmental stimulus is an example of

a genetic mutation

an organ malfunction

an allergic reaction

a feedback mechanism

During the Making Connections Lab, several pulse readings are taken and averaged in order to

increase reliability

increase lung size

increase muscle fatigue

get the heart pumping faster

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

In the Diffusion Through A Membrane Lab, the model cell membranes allowed certain substances to pass through based on which characteristic of the diffusing substance?

color

shape

temperature

size

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Quarterly 3 Review

Which is an example of a genotype with homozygous alleles?

Each body cell of a chimpanzee contains 48 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would normally be present in a gamete produced by this chimpanzee?

For a given trait, the two genes of a pair of alleles are not alike. An individual possessing this gene combination is said to be

The energy used to obtain, transfer, and transport materials within an organism comes directly from

Plants that live in hot, dry climates have evolved mechanisms to help conserve limited water supplies. One example is the closing of leaf openings by guard cells during the day to decrease water loss from their leaves. This detection of and response to an environmental stimulus is an example of

During the Making Connections Lab, several pulse readings are taken and averaged in order to

In the Diffusion Through A Membrane Lab, the model cell membranes allowed certain substances to pass through based on which characteristic of the diffusing substance?

In humans, the gene for red hair and the gene for freckles are often inherited together because both genes are located on the same chromosome. This observation best illustrates the concept of

A population of white moths lives in a forest near a factory. This factory burns coal and pollutes the air with black dust. Over time, this dust has settled on the trees in the area, making them darker in color. This could result in

When a particular white moth lands on a white birch tree, its color has a high adaptive value. If the birch trees become converted with black soot, what would the white color of this particular moth in this environment most likely do?

Access all questions and much more by creating a free account

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