Chemical Families

What is the significance of Group 8A (18) elements?

• They are highly reactive and form compounds easily.

• They have a full valence shell, making them very stable and unreactive.

• They are all metals with high melting points.

• They are used primarily in chemical reactions as catalysts.

What is the common use of noble gases?

• Inert environments for chemical reactions and lighting (e.g., neon lights)

• Fuel for rockets

• Cooling agents in refrigerators

• Solvents for chemical reactions

What are chemical families?

• Groups of elements that share similar chemical properties and behaviors due to their similar electron configurations.

• Random collections of elements with no specific properties.

• Elements that are all gases at room temperature.

• Elements that are found in the same physical state only.

What is the trend in atomic size within a chemical family?

• Atomic size generally decreases down a group in the periodic table due to the addition of energy shells.

• Atomic size remains constant down a group in the periodic table.

• Atomic size generally increases down a group in the periodic table due to the addition of energy shells.

• Atomic size generally increases across a period in the periodic table.

What is the reactivity trend in the halogen family?

• Reactivity decreases as you move up the group from Iodine to Fluorine.

• Reactivity remains constant throughout the group.

• Reactivity increases as you move up the group from Iodine to Fluorine.

• Reactivity increases as you move down the group from Fluorine to Iodine.

What is the trend in ionization energy across a period?

• Ionization energy generally decreases across a period from left to right.

• Ionization energy remains constant across a period.

• Ionization energy generally increases across a period from left to right due to increasing nuclear charge.

• Ionization energy generally fluctuates across a period.

How many valence electrons do alkaline earth metals have?

• One valence electron

• Two valence electrons

• Three valence electrons

• Four valence electrons

What is the halogen family?

• A group of noble gases in Group 18

• A group of highly reactive nonmetals in Group 17

• A family of alkali metals in Group 1

• A collection of transition metals in the d-block

What are alkali metals?

• Elements in Group 1 of the periodic table, including Lithium (Li), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Rubidium (Rb), Cesium (Cs), and Francium (Fr).

• Elements in Group 2 of the periodic table, including Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), Strontium (Sr), Barium (Ba), and Radium (Ra).

• Nonmetals that are highly reactive with acids and bases.

• Noble gases that are inert and do not react with other elements.

How many valence electrons do alkali metals have?

• 0

• 1

• 2

• 3