World History DA 3 Review #2

Which Enlightenment philosopher specifically developed the idea of separating governmental powers into different branches as a check against tyranny, directly influencing the U.S. Constitution's structure?

• John Locke

• Baron Charles de Montesquieu

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Adam Smith

What specific characteristic of the Enlightenment made it a crucial turning point in world history?

• The rejection of all traditional authority

• The development of new technologies

• The use of reason to challenge traditional authorities and privileges

• The spread of religious freedom

The Catholic Church's opposition to the heliocentric theory demonstrates what aspect of the Scientific Revolution?

• The conflict between new scientific ideas and traditional beliefs

• The importance of religious authority in scientific matters

• The success of the Church in preventing scientific progress

• The cooperation between science and religion

How did the Scientific Revolution's advances in the 17th and 18th centuries specifically affect the Industrial Revolution?

• By fostering an experimental mindset among inventors and entrepreneurs

• By developing steam power

• By improving agricultural methods

• By creating new manufacturing techniques

How did manufacturing change during the Industrial Revolution?

• It became more rural-based

• It became less mechanized

• It moved from homes to factories

• It moved from factories to homes

What concepts did both Rousseau and Locke contribute to American government?

• Religious freedom

• Free market economics

• Consent of the Governed

Which was a direct consequence of rapid urbanization during the Industrial Revolution?

• Decreased population density

• Spread of disease

• Better sanitation

• Improved housing conditions

According to Smith's quote: "Every man, as long as he does not violate the laws of justice, is left perfectly free to pursue his own interests in his own way, and to bring both his industry work efforts and capital into competition with those of any other order of men." What does Smith identify as the key limitation on economic freedom?

• Laws of justice

• Competition from others

• Industry work efforts

• Capital requirements

What new social groups emerged during the Industrial Revolution?

• Nobility and clergy

• Artisans and craftsmen

• Capitalists and factory workers

• Farmers and merchants

What role did labor unions play during the Industrial Revolution?

• They supported factory owners

• They opposed urbanization

• They prevented technological advancement

• They fought for both political and economic rights