Period 3: Unit 5 & 6 Exam

The image from Japan during the Meiji Restoration best exemplifies which of the following processes?

• Attempts by conservative members of society to maintain indigenous traditions

• Cultural changes accompanying greater contact with the United States

• Greater freedom for women resulting from democratization

• Increased emphasis on international cooperation as a result of the lowering of trade barriers

The British ownership of most of Argentina’s main railway lines can best be described as an example of which of the following late-nineteenth-century developments?

• Gunboat diplomacy

• The Great Game

• Economic imperialism

• Social Darwinism

Which of following best explains a likely reason for the title of the image?

• The prevalence of slave labor, which was used within the factories

• The soot pollution, which resulted from the coal industry in the region

• The increase in the use of timber, which was transported along the canals

• The construction of factory buildings, which increased throughout the town

The sentiments expressed in the quotation above are most supportive of which of the following concepts?

• Nationalism

• Imperialism

• Liberalism

• Marxism

The industrialization of Great Britain’s economy in the mid-eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries is most directly explained by which of the following?

• Britain had large reserves of petroleum.

• British scientists were the first to discover electricity.

• Britain had large reserves of coal.

• British engineers developed new methods of producing cheaper steel.

Which of the following was a major unintended effect of the publication of Charles Darwin’s 1859 work On the Origin of Species?

• It became the basis for scientific research of human development.

• It provided a scientific explanation of the evolution of animals and plants.

• It became the basis for all subsequent scientific research on species extinction.

• It became the basis of various theories asserting that Europeans were naturally superior to other peoples.

A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country; it further aims to build and maintain a single national identity—based on shared social characteristics such as culture, language, religion, politics, and belief in a shared singular history—and to promote national unity or solidarity.

• Nationalism

• Patriotism

• Globalism

• Regionalism

Which of the following contributed the most to the growth of the movement to abolish slavery in the Atlantic world?

• Increased availability of Asian indentured labor

• The adaptation of Enlightenment ideas challenging established social hierarchies

• The efforts of industrialists to create a more flexible workforce

• A decline in the number of enslaved persons being taken from Africa

Which of the following most directly explains the importance of improved agricultural productivity to the industrialization of economic production in western Europe in the period 1750–1900?

• Because the nutritional quality of food greatly improved, more people were able to sustain the long working hours that factory labor required.

• Because less labor was needed on farms, more people moved to urban areas to work in factories.

• Because farmers needed less land to produce the same amount of food, they could build textile factories on the excess land.

• Because greater quantities of food could be sold at higher prices, governments could tax farmers at higher rates and use those revenues to build factories.

Which scientific concept justified imperialism in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?

• Louis Pasteur’s germ theory of disease

• Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution

• Albert Einstein’s theory of relativity

• Marie Curie’s theory of radioactivity