STAAR Review 1 Biomolecules

How do enzymes affect the rate of a chemical reaction?

• Enzymes decrease the rate of a chemical reaction by increasing the activation energy needed for the reaction to occur.

• Enzymes have no effect on the rate of a chemical reaction.

• Enzymes increase the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy needed for the reaction to occur.

• Enzymes only affect the rate of reactions at high temperatures.

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What is the significance of the cell membrane?

• It provides energy for the cell's activities.

• It regulates what enters and exits the cell, providing protection and support.

• It is responsible for protein synthesis.

• It stores genetic information.

What are biomolecules?

• Organic molecules that are essential for life, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

• Inorganic compounds that do not play a role in biological processes.

• Synthetic compounds created in laboratories for research purposes.

• Simple molecules that do not contribute to cellular functions.

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How do proteins contribute to cellular functions?

• Proteins are primarily used for energy storage in cells.

• Proteins perform a variety of functions including catalyzing reactions, providing structure, and facilitating communication within and between cells.

• Proteins are only involved in the immune response of the body.

• Proteins serve as the main source of genetic information in cells.

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What is the role of carbohydrates in plant structure?

• Carbohydrates provide energy for photosynthesis.

• Carbohydrates, particularly cellulose, provide structural support in plant cell walls.

• Carbohydrates are primarily used for water storage in plants.

• Carbohydrates help in the absorption of nutrients from the soil.

What are carbohydrates primarily used for in living organisms?

• Long-term energy storage

• Short-term energy storage and as structural components

• Protein synthesis

• Fat storage

What is the primary function of lipids?

• To provide immediate energy for cellular processes

• To store long-term energy, form cell membranes, and act as signaling molecules

• To facilitate the transport of oxygen in the blood

• To act as enzymes in biochemical reactions

What is the function of nucleic acids?

• To store and transmit genetic information.

• To provide energy for cellular processes.

• To act as catalysts in biochemical reactions.

• To form the structural components of cells.

What is a monosaccharide?

• A type of protein that consists of amino acids.

• The simplest form of carbohydrates, consisting of a single sugar molecule, such as glucose.

• A complex carbohydrate made of multiple sugar molecules.

• A lipid that is soluble in water.

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What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

• Saturated fats have no double bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds, making them liquid at room temperature.

• Saturated fats are always solid at room temperature, while unsaturated fats are always liquid.

• Saturated fats contain more calories than unsaturated fats, making them less healthy.

• Unsaturated fats are derived from animal sources, while saturated fats come from plant sources.