U.S. History ~ Chapter 17 ~ American social issues FL EOC

Affirmative Action

• A policy designed to improve economic and educational opportunities for women and minority groups.

• A program that promotes equal pay for equal work regardless of gender or race.

• A strategy to eliminate all forms of discrimination in the workplace.

• A law that mandates quotas for hiring women and minorities.

Roe v. Wade (1973)

• The court ruled that abortion is illegal in all circumstances.

• The court legalized abortion by ruling that state laws could not restrict it during the first three months of pregnancy.

• The court decided that abortion is a federal crime.

• The court allowed states to impose strict regulations on abortion after the first trimester.

Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education (1971)

• A Supreme Court case that upheld busing programs to speed up racial integration of public schools in the United States.

• A Supreme Court case that ruled against the use of busing for school integration.

• A Supreme Court case that addressed voting rights in the South.

• A Supreme Court case that focused on the separation of church and state.

USA PATRIOT Act

• Law passed to enhance government surveillance after the 9/11 attacks.

• Legislation aimed at reducing taxes for citizens.

• A treaty to promote international trade agreements.

• A law that restricts immigration to the United States.

Cesar Chavez

• Leader of the United Farm Workers who advocated for violent protests.

• Non-violent leader of the United Farm Workers who organized laborers in California.

• President of the United States from 1963 to 1970.

• Founder of the National Farm Labor Union.

Americans with Disabilities Act

• Passed by Congress in 1991, this act banned discrimination against the disabled in employment and mandated easy access to public and commercial buildings.

• An act that provides tax benefits to companies hiring disabled individuals.

• A law that requires all public schools to provide free education to disabled students.

• Legislation that focuses on improving healthcare access for disabled veterans.

Gun control

• Laws or policies that regulate the manufacture, sale, transfer, possession, modification, or use of firearms.

• A set of regulations that promote the use of firearms for self-defense.

• Policies that encourage the unrestricted ownership of firearms by citizens.

• Laws that only apply to military personnel regarding firearm usage.

Miranda v. Arizona (1966)

• Established the right to bear arms in the United States.

• Established Miranda warnings of counsel and silence. Must be given before questioning.

• Established the principle of double jeopardy in criminal cases.

• Established the right to a speedy trial.

Climate change

• A change in global or regional climate patterns attributed to natural causes.

• A change in global or regional climate patterns, particularly a change apparent from the mid to late 20th century onwards, attributed largely to the increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide produced by the use of fossil fuels.

• A temporary change in weather conditions due to seasonal variations.

• A phenomenon that only affects local weather and not global climate.

September 11, 2001

• Terrorist attacks on World Trade Center and Pentagon.

• Launch of the Space Shuttle Endeavour.

• Signing of the Kyoto Protocol.

• First iPod was released.