Chapter 8

What type of energy is associated with motion?

• Potential energy

• Kinetic energy

• Chemical energy

• Thermal energy

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According to the first law of thermodynamics, energy:

• Can be created and destroyed

• Cannot be transferred or transformed

• Is always increasing

• Cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred and transformed

Which type of bond contains high potential energy?

• Weak bonds with equally shared electrons

• Strong bonds with unequally shared electrons

• Ionic bonds

• Hydrogen bonds

When a chemical reaction produces products with shorter, stronger covalent bonds, what happens?

• Potential energy increases

• Energy is transformed into thermal energy or light

• The reaction absorbs heat

• The products have higher potential energy

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Entropy refers to:

• The total energy in a molecule

• The energy stored in chemical bonds

• The amount of disorder in a system

• The transfer of electrons in a reaction

According to the second law of thermodynamics:

• Energy cannot be created or destroyed

• Energy transformation increases entropy

• The total energy in a system is constant

• Potential energy is always decreasing

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Redox reactions involve the transfer of:

• Protons

• Neutrons

• Electrons

• Photons

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A molecule that gains electrons in a redox reaction is:

• Oxidized

• Reduced

• Neutralized

• Ionized

ATP stores energy in:

• Its nitrogenous base

• The bonds between phosphate groups

• The sugar backbone

• The hydrogen bonds

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ATP hydrolysis results in:

• Formation of ADP and Pi

• Increased potential energy

• Formation of AMP

• Decreased entropy

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