AP Psych Unit 9 Pretest

David is feeling overwhelmed about his upcoming presentation. Which scenario best illustrates emotion-focused coping?

• David decides that practicing is pointless because he believes his audience will be too critical.

• David postpones watching his favorite show until he practices his speech for an hour.

• David confides in his close friends to help him manage his anxiety.

• David schedules a daily practice session and seeks feedback from his professor.

• I don’t know.

Carlos lost his job five months ago and has struggled to secure a new position. The earnings from his freelance work barely cover his rent. Recently, he has been feeling constantly fatigued and has frequent headaches. Carlos is most likely in the stage of Hans Selye’s general adaptation syndrome known as

• alarm

• reaction

• exhaustion

• resistance

• I don’t know.

The general adaptation syndrome is an attempt to explain which of the following?

• Personality traits

• Intelligence

• Memory organization

• Reactions to stress

• I don’t know.

Dr. Nguyen is researching ways to help teachers become more resilient so they experience less burnout during the school year. Dr. Nguyen’s research could best be classified as which of the following areas of psychology?

• Behavioral

• Positive

• Social

• Evolutionary

• I don’t know.

Research in the field of positive psychology is most supportive of which of the following conclusions?

• An external locus of control results in higher levels of optimism.

• Locus of control is not an important factor in health and well-being.

• Perception of control is determined by situational factors.

• Perception of control is related to a sense of well-being.

• I don’t know.

Which of the following perspectives argues that every person has the potential to become self-actualized?

• Humanistic

• Gestalt

• Cognitive

• Psychodynamic

• I don’t know.

Which of the following statements best explains a common criticism of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)?

• The DSM recommends pharmaceutical treatments for psychological disorders that may not be appropriate for all people.

• The DSM organizes symptoms of different disorders so they can be diagnosed effectively.

• The DSM features only the cognitive perspective and ignores other important psychological viewpoints.

• The DSM uses labels that can create lasting stigma for the person diagnosed.

• I don’t know.

Dr. Patel is helping a client who feels overwhelmed due to a demanding work schedule. Dr. Patel believes the first step is to help the client see the workload as an opportunity for personal growth rather than an insurmountable challenge. This approach is most consistent with which treatment orientation?

• Cognitive

• Biological

• Behavioral

• Sociocultural

• I don’t know.

The diathesis-stress approach would likely support which of the following statements about psychological disorders?

• Disorders are a result of the social and economic situations in which people live.

• Disorders are a result of unresolved, unconscious conflicts between the id and the superego.

• Disorders are a result of negative events that trigger irrational thoughts.

• Disorders are a result of predisposed, biological factors triggered by the environment.

• I don’t know.

Lena lives in a coastal city where she is far more likely to be injured in a car accident than to be attacked by a shark. However, Lena has an intense phobia of sharks but not of cars. This is most likely due to the influence of

• operant conditioning

• cognitive dissonance

• evolution

• shaping

• I don’t know.