Sedimentary Rock Process Concept Check

Coal, petroleum, and natural gas are all fossil fuels. Fossil fuels originated from —

• buried, dead organisms changed by heat and pressure

• heat preserved within Earth’s crust

• decayed rocks from within Earth’s crust

• plants that survived Earth’s changes

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-1

What is formed by the process shown below?

• Gold

• Glass

• Coal

• Water

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A river deposits layers of minerals and other rocks at its mouth. Over time, what kind of rock is formed by the deposits?

• Igneous

• Metamorphic

• Sedimentary

• Not here

Which is NOT a factor in the formation of fossil fuels?

• Time

• Heat

• Melting

• Pressure

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-1

Which of the following best completes the process shown in the flowchart? 5.2(D)

• Layers

• Deposition

• Cementing

• Transporting

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

What do the processes of the formation of sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels have in common?

• Sedimentary rocks are the only type of rock where fossils are found that produce energy.

• Sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels are mixed with fossils to provide energy.

• Fossil fuels and sedimentary rocks are burned to release energy.

• Sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels are both formed over a long period of time with high pressure.

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Some oil is formed from organic matter

in the ocean. The list below displays the

steps that lead to the formation of this

type of fossil fuel.

Which of the following depicts the correct order of this process?

• 1, 2, 3, 4

• 2, 4, 1, 3

• 3, 1, 2, 4

• 3, 2, 1, 4

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-1

The rock in Grand Canyon National Park is formed from layers of sand, minerals, and shells. Which type of rock is present at Grand Canyon National Park?

• Igneous

• Sedimentary

• Metamorphic

• Lava

Which statement best explains how coal was formed?

• A. Fossils of dinosaurs such as the Tyrannosaurus rex were buried and became coal after millions of years.

• B. Heat and pressure transformed the remains of prehistoric plants into coal.

• C. Rocks were broken into smaller pieces called sediment, which formed layers over time.

• D. Pieces of coal were buried beneath many layers of sedimentary rock.

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-1

The model shows layers of sediment on the floor of an ocean. Which of the following best explains how these layers can become rock over many years? (5.7A)

• Sand in the sediment melts and turns into rock.

• The weight of the water compacts the sediment into rock.

• Changing water temperatures turn sand in the sediment into rock.

• Pollution caused by humans turns the sediment into rock.

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