Exploring DNA and RNA

What is the structure of DNA?

• A linear sequence of nucleotides

• A triple helix structure

• The structure of DNA is a double helix.

• A single strand of RNA

How does RNA differ from DNA in structure?

• RNA uses thymine instead of uracil and is double-stranded.

• RNA is single-stranded and contains glucose sugar.

• RNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar.

• RNA is single-stranded, contains ribose sugar, and uses uracil instead of thymine.

What are the main functions of DNA?

• DNA acts as a catalyst for chemical reactions in the body.

• DNA primarily functions as a source of energy for cells.

• DNA is responsible for the digestion of food in organisms.

• The main functions of DNA are to store genetic information, guide protein synthesis, and facilitate the transmission of hereditary traits.

What role does RNA play in protein synthesis?

• RNA is essential for translating genetic information into proteins.

• RNA is responsible for storing genetic information.

• RNA is a type of protein that helps in cell division.

• RNA acts as a catalyst in metabolic reactions.

Define the term 'nucleotide' and its components.

• A nucleotide consists of amino acids and lipids.

• A nucleotide is made up of a single sugar molecule and a protein.

• A nucleotide is composed of a nitrogenous base, a five-carbon sugar, and one or more phosphate groups.

• A nucleotide includes a nitrogenous base and a fatty acid.

What is the process of transcription in genetics?

• Transcription is the synthesis of DNA from RNA templates.

• Transcription involves the replication of DNA strands.

• Transcription is the process of translating mRNA into proteins.

• Transcription is the process of copying DNA into mRNA.

Explain the significance of the double helix structure of DNA.

• The double helix structure is primarily for protein synthesis.

• The double helix structure prevents any form of genetic variation.

• The double helix structure of DNA ensures stability, accurate replication, and efficient packing of genetic information.

• The double helix structure allows for random genetic mutations.

What are the types of RNA and their functions?

• Types of proteins and their structures

• DNA and its replication process

• The main types of RNA are mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, snRNA, miRNA, and lncRNA, each with specific roles in protein synthesis and gene regulation.

• Enzymes and their catalytic functions

How does DNA replication occur?

• DNA replication occurs only in the presence of RNA polymerase.

• DNA replication involves the complete destruction of the original DNA strand.

• DNA replication occurs through unwinding of the double helix, template strand synthesis, and nucleotide addition by DNA polymerase.

• DNA replication is a process that happens only in prokaryotic cells.

What is the role of mRNA in the cell?

• mRNA acts as a template for protein synthesis in the cell.

• mRNA serves as a structural component of the cell membrane.

• mRNA transports nutrients within the cell.

• mRNA is responsible for DNA replication.