Analyzing Author's Purpose Through Text Structures

Malala Yousafzai, a Pakistani activist, stood up for girls' right to education. At just 15 years old, she was targeted by the Taliban for her beliefs. Despite facing life-threatening danger, Malala continued to speak out, inspiring millions around the world. Today, she is a Nobel Prize laureate and continues to advocate for education for all.

Malala's story began in her hometown of Mingora, where she bravely attended school despite the threats surrounding her. Her determination caught international attention, leading to her advocacy work that emphasizes the necessity of education for girls worldwide. Her activism has sparked movements, encouraging young girls to pursue their dreams regardless of societal barriers.

How does the author's use of chronological order contribute to the author's purpose?

• It shows the historical context of education.

• It highlights the progression of Malala's activism and its impact over time.

• It compares Malala's achievements to other activists.

• It explains the dangers of speaking out.

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Ruth Bader Ginsburg served as a Supreme Court Justice, fighting for gender equality and women's rights throughout her career. Her legal arguments challenged discriminatory laws and paved the way for significant changes in legislation. Ginsburg's influence extended beyond the courtroom, as she became a cultural icon for feminism.

Early in her career, Ginsburg faced gender discrimination, which fueled her passion for justice. She famously argued cases that addressed gender bias, including the landmark case of Reed v. Reed, establishing the principle that gender discrimination violates the Equal Protection Clause. Her legacy continues to inspire women to pursue careers in law and public service.

What text structure does the author use, and what is its purpose?

• Cause and effect, to illustrate how Ginsburg's work changed laws.

• Description, to create a vivid picture of her impact.

• Problem and solution, to show the issues she addressed.

• Compare and contrast, to highlight her differences with other justices.

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Greta Thunberg, a Swedish environmental activist, began her journey by protesting outside the Swedish Parliament. Her "School Strike for Climate" movement sparked a global youth uprising, urging leaders to take immediate action against climate change. Greta's message is clear: the future of our planet depends on urgent change.

Greta's solitary protest quickly grew into a worldwide movement, with students from different countries joining her in striking for climate action. Her speeches at international forums have highlighted the urgency of climate issues, compelling world leaders to reconsider their policies regarding the environment. Greta's passion and determination have positioned her as a leading voice in climate activism.

How does the author's use of problem-solution structure enhance the author's purpose?

• It explains the importance of climate change.

• It outlines the issues facing the environment and the need for action.

• It provides a humorous take on youth activism.

• It describes Greta's personal experiences.

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Simone Biles, an Olympic gymnast, has redefined the sport with her incredible talent. She is the first woman to perform several complex moves, such as the "Biles," showcasing her dedication and skill. Beyond her athletic achievements, Simone is an advocate for mental health, speaking out about the pressures athletes face.

Simone's journey to the top has been marked by rigorous training and personal challenges. Her bravery in discussing mental health has encouraged others to prioritize their well-being, demonstrating that strength comes in many forms. Simone's influence extends beyond gymnastics, as she advocates for athletes' rights and wellbeing.

What text structure does the author use, and how does it support the author’s purpose?

• Compare and contrast, to highlight Biles' uniqueness.

• Chronological order, to document her career milestones.

• Cause and effect, to show how her achievements influence future generations.

• Description, to create a visual image of her accomplishments.

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Serena Williams is not only a tennis champion but also a powerful advocate for gender equality and equal pay in sports. Throughout her career, she has broken records and shattered stereotypes. Serena uses her platform to speak out against discrimination, inspiring young athletes to pursue their dreams without limits.

Serena's journey in tennis has been marked by a relentless pursuit of excellence and a commitment to social justice. She has faced numerous challenges, including injuries and criticism, yet her resilience has made her a role model for aspiring athletes. Serena's advocacy for equal pay has sparked important conversations about gender equity in sports.

How does the author's use of descriptive language enhance the author’s purpose?

• It creates a vivid image of her matches.

• It emphasizes the importance of sports in society.

• It provides a timeline of her victories.

• It highlights the challenges she faces as a woman in sports.

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Amanda Gorman, a poet and activist, gained national attention when she recited her poem at the inauguration of President Biden. Her work addresses themes of unity, justice, and hope, inspiring young people to engage with social issues. Amanda’s unique voice and perspective have made her a powerful advocate for change.

Amanda's poetry reflects the struggles and aspirations of her generation, encouraging them to envision a brighter future. Her powerful performances resonate with audiences, reinforcing the idea that art can be a catalyst for social change. Amanda's activism through poetry has sparked conversations about inclusivity and resilience.

How does the author's use of descriptive language enhance the reader's understanding of Gorman's impact?

• It highlights the beauty of her poetry.

• It provides a historical context for her work.

• It creates a vivid picture of her performance at the inauguration.

• It emphasizes the importance of poetry in activism.

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Kamala Harris made history as the first woman, the first Black woman, and the first South Asian woman to serve as Vice President of the United States. She previously served as a U.S. Senator from California, where she focused on issues such as criminal justice reform and healthcare. Harris' ascent in politics has inspired many women and people of color to pursue leadership roles.

How does the author's use of chronological order contribute to the author's purpose in discussing Kamala Harris?

• It highlights the importance of diversity in leadership.

• It emphasizes the challenges she faced as a woman in politics.

• It shows the progression of her career and its significance to her historic role.

• It compares her achievements to those of other women in politics.

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