Gene Regulation

Which of the following is/are similarities between prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene expression?

• both use proteins to interact with the DNA to control gene expression

• both have histones complexed with their DNA

• both separate the processes of transcription and translation spatially

• all of the above

All the genes in both a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell are expressed at the same time.

• True

• False

Prokaryotes regulate gene expression primarily

• in order to maintain homeostasis

• in response to changing environmental conditions

• during development as cells specialize

• Prokaryotes do not regulate gene expression. All genes are always on.

Genes can be shut off (not expressed) when a ___ binds to the ____.

• activator, operator

• repressor, operator

• corepressor, operator

• repressor, promotor

One way to regulate the expression of a gene is to control the formation of mRNA. This is called ___ control.

• transcriptional

• translational

• post-transcriptional

• post-translational

What does the lactose do to the Operon?

• Blocks transcription because of the energy it provides

• Allows the repressor to be unbinded from the Operator.

• The lactose binds to the lactose and stops transcription

• Allows for the transcription to speed up

What is the concept that explains why some genes in different cells are switched on and off. This ability of genes to be turned on and off helps cells to have different functions and shapes even though they all have the same DNA

• Epigenetics (epi=above)

• Subgenetics

• Ribozymes

• Central Dogma

What is the role of a repressor on an operon?

• A repressor enhances gene expression by binding to the operator region of an operon.
• A repressor has no effect on gene expression in an operon.
• A repressor activates gene expression by binding to the operator region of an operon.
• A repressor inhibits gene expression by binding to the operator region of an operon.

In order for a gene to be expressed, ___ must bind to the gene's ___, a specific sequence of nucleotides at one end of the gene, thus initiating transcription.

• DNA polymerase, promotor

• DNA polymerase, operator

• RNA polymerase, promotor

• RNA polymerase, operator

What is gene expression regulation and why is it important in biology?

• Gene expression regulation is important in biology because it allows cells to mutate and become cancerous

• Gene expression regulation is not important in biology because it only affects non-essential functions

• Gene expression regulation is not important in biology because it has no impact on the organism's overall health

• Gene expression regulation is important in biology because it allows cells to respond to their environment, differentiate into specific cell types, and maintain proper functioning of the organism.