OBER sesi 7

Which of the following best describes an altruistic good?

• A good that is consumed more as income increases, similar to a normal good

• A good that provides personal satisfaction but does not benefit others

• A good that is provided voluntarily for the benefit of others, even at a personal cost

• A good that is exclusively consumed by the wealthy due to its prestige value

• A good whose demand decreases when its price increases, following the law of demand

The following are characteristic of an inferior goods, except..

• A. Demand elasticity is negative

• B. Income elasticity is positive

• C. An increase in income shift demand curve to the right

• D. An increase in price reduce the quantity demanded

• B and C

Cipularang is a tolled freeway running through the province of Jawa Barat. Drivers must pay tolls at various points along the Cipularang based on the distance they traveled on the freeway. Suppose that despite the tolls, many drivers use the Cipularang causing traffic to slow during peak times. What type of good would the Cipularang be classified as in this case?

• Private goods

• Club goods

• Common resources

• Public goods

• Semi-public goods

Which of the following is usually true about government-provided goods?

• These goods have a zero opportunity cost.

• These goods are not scarce.

• These goods are called public goods.

• People do not have to pay an explicit fee to enjoy these goods.

• The invisible hand is at work to ensure these goods are provided in the market.

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the tragedy of the commons?

• A private gym requires a membership fee, limiting access to its facilities.

• A public park is overcrowded because no one pays for its maintenance, leading to environmental degradation.

• A student lent his shirt, and when it was returned, it had a stain on it.

• A national defense system protects all citizens, regardless of whether they contribute to its funding.

• There is more than one correct answer.

A city plans to build a new metro system that will reduce traffic congestion and pollution. However, the project is funded through general taxation, meaning some residents will benefit from the metro without directly paying for it. This situation is an example of:

• The free rider problem, because some people will use the metro without contributing to its cost

• Tragedy of the commons, because excessive metro use will lead to its depletion

• Private goods, because only paying customers can access the metro

• Club goods, because the metro is excludable but not rivalrous

• Pigouvian subsidy, because the government funds the metro to encourage public transportation use

Saling ketergantungan merupakan ciri dari pasar...

• Monopoli

• Oligopoli

• Monopolistik

• Persaingan sempurna

• Semua jawaban benar

A firm should shut down production if its revenue is...

• Less than its variable costs

• Less than its average variable costs

• Less than its total costs

• Less than its average total costs

• Declining

Seorang ekonom mengamati bahwa dalam jangka panjang, kurva permintaan individu (for survival firm) di pasar persaingan monopolistik bergeser ke kanan. Hal ini paling mungkin disebabkan karena dalam jangka pendek perusahaan di pasar....

• Mengalami keuntungan

• Mencapai break even point

• Mengalami kerugian

• Memutuskan untuk shut down

• Tidak ada jawaban yang benar

Berdasarkan gambar tersebut, negara mana yang sebaiknya memproduksi Barang Y?

• Negara H

• Negara L

• Negara H dan L

• Sebaiknya kedua negara memproduksi barang X saja

• Informasi yang diberikan tidak cukup utk menjawab soal