Elements that Create Forests

What are the two types of forests found in Alaska?

• Boreal and Temperate

• Tropical and Subtropical

• Mangrove and Rainforest

• Deciduous and Coniferous

Which of the following elements shape forests?

• A) Climate

• B) Soil

• C) Topography

• D) All of the above

The nonliving environment affects forest ecosystems by:

• providing nutrients and water essential for plant growth

• offering shelter and food for animals

• influencing the migration patterns of birds

• determining the genetic diversity of species

What process do plants use to produce food from light energy, water, and carbon dioxide?

• Photosynthesis

• Respiration

• Transpiration

• Fermentation

True or False: Boreal forest trees are better adapted to cold and temperature extremes.

• True

• False

What happens to trees during winter dormancy?

• Trees shed their leaves and conserve energy.

• Trees grow rapidly and produce flowers.

• Trees become more active and consume more water.

• Trees produce fruit and new leaves.

The sun's energy affects the environment and photosynthesis by:

• providing light and heat necessary for photosynthesis

• causing global warming

• blocking photosynthesis

• reducing oxygen levels

What is the effect of permafrost on tree root development in Interior Alaska's boreal forest?

• Permafrost enhances tree root development.

• Permafrost inhibits tree root development.

• Permafrost has no effect on tree root development.

• Permafrost changes the direction of tree root growth.

Trees in Southeast Alaska's coastal rainforest risk losing their shallow soil because of:

• deforestation

• soil erosion

• climate change

• urban development

The role of nitrogen-fixers in soil is to:

• increase soil acidity

• fix atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form for plants

• decompose organic matter

• reduce soil erosion